<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tumors</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Malignant tumours</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Malignant tumours</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2224-5057</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-6813</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Rosoncoweb</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18027/2224-5057-2022-12-2-14-20</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tumors-951</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И АНАЛИТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS AND ANALYSIS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Циркулирующая опухолевая ДНК как маркер минимальной резидуальной болезни при немелкоклеточном раке легкого</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Circulating tumor DNA as a marker of minimal residual disease in non‑small cell lung cancer</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казаков</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazakov</surname><given-names>A.  М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей М. Казаков, врач‑онколог отделения лекарственных методов лечения №17</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey M. Kazakov, Oncologist, Chemotherapy Department No. 17</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kazakovich873@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лактионов</surname><given-names>К. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Laktionov</surname><given-names>K.  K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Константин К. Лактионов, д. м. н., заведующий отделением лекарственных методов лечения №17; профессор кафедры онкологии и лучевой терапии лечебного факультета</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin K. Laktionov, MD, PhD, DSс, Head of Chemotherapy Department No. 17; Professor, Department of Oncology and Radiation Therapy, Faculty of Medicine</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lkoskos@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гордиев</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gordiev</surname><given-names>M.  G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марат Г. Гордиев, заведующий молекулярно‑генетической лабораторией</p><p>Санкт‑Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marat G. Gordiev, Head of the Molecular Genetic Laboratory</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marat7925@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахмедов</surname><given-names>Б. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhmedov</surname><given-names>B. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бахром Б. Ахмедов, к. м. н., старший научный сотрудник хирургического отделения №11 (торакальной онкологии)</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bakhrom B. Akhmedov, MD, PhD, Senior Research Associate, Surgery Department No. 11 (Thoracic Oncology)</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@ronc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьмина</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzmina</surname><given-names>V.  A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валерия А. Кузьмина, ординатор отделения лекарственных методов лечения (химиотерапевтическое) №17</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeriya A. Kuzmina, Resident, Chemotherapy Department No. 17</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">emerallld@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н. И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинский институт имени Березина Сергея</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Medical Institute named after Berezin Sergey</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>05</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>20</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Казаков А.М., Лактионов К.К., Гордиев М.Г., Ахмедов Б.Б., Кузьмина В.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Казаков А.М., Лактионов К.К., Гордиев М.Г., Ахмедов Б.Б., Кузьмина В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kazakov A.М., Laktionov K.K., Gordiev M.G., Akhmedov B.B., Kuzmina V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.malignanttumors.org/jour/article/view/951">https://www.malignanttumors.org/jour/article/view/951</self-uri><abstract><p>Циркулирующая опухолевая ДНК (цоДНК) — это небольшие фрагменты нуклеиновой кислоты (около 166 пар нуклеотидов), которые не связаны с клетками или клеточными фрагментами и свободно циркулируют в кровяном русле. Доказано, что цоДНК является маркёром так называемой минимальной резидуальной болезни (МРБ) — опухолевого процесса, который не может быть зафиксирован при помощи рутинных методов исследования. Использование цоДНК в качестве маркера МРБ объясняется тем, что опухолевые клетки при некрозе, апоптозе, а также целенаправленно (внеклеточные везикулы и др), выделяют свою ДНК в кровь, тем самым делая возможным её детекцию и позволяя выявить МРБ. Доля цоДНК от всей циркулирующей внеклеточной ДНК может составлять от 0,01 % до нескольких процентов в зависимости от размера опухоли, её васкуляризации, биологических свойств. В настоящее время большое внимание уделяется выявлению минимальной резидуальной болезни после радикально проведенной операции по поводу немелкоклеточного рака легкого (НМРЛ), поскольку в ряде крупных исследований было показано, что наличие цоДНК в плазме пациентов после операции является негативным прогностическим признаком. В качестве примера можно привести исследование Chaudhuri et all, в котором при наличии цоДНК в послеоперационной плазме 36‑месячная безрецидивная выживаемость (БРВ) приближалась к 0 %, в то время как отсутствие цоДНК в послеоперационной плазме ассоциировалось с 90–99 % 36‑месячной БРВ. Интерес к определению статуса МРБ посредством обнаружения цоДНК в послеоперационной плазме также обусловлен и тем, что это в перспективе может быть критерием назначения или не назначения адъювантного лечения в послеоперационном периоде. По данным исследования DYNAMIC, пациенты с позитивным статусом МРБ (наличие цоДНК в плазме после операции), которые получили адъювантную терапию, имели БРВ 22,4 vs 9,25 месяца — для пациентов с положительным МРБ статусом и не получивших адъювантное лечение.</p><p>Таким образом, определение статуса МРБ на основе обнаружения цоДНК в плазме после радикальной операции может позволить вырабатывать персонализированную тактику ведения пациентов, радикально прооперированных по поводу немелкоклеточного рака легкого (НМРЛ).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) refers to small fragments of nucleic acid (approximately 166 base pairs) that are not associated with cells or cell fragments and circulate in the bloodstream. Circulating tumor DNA has been proven to be a marker of minimal residual disease (MRD), a tumor process that cannot be detected using routine investigations. Circulating tumor DNA can be used as a marker of MRD because tumor cells secrete their DNA into the blood during necrosis, apoptosis, and functioning (with extracellular vesicles, etc.); therefore, it is possible to detect it and identify MRD. Circulating tumor DNA accounts for 0,01 % to several percent of all circulating extracellular DNA depending on the size of the tumor, its vascularization and biological properties. Currently, much attention is paid to the detection of minimal residual disease after radical surgery for non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), since a number of large studies have shown postoperative plasma ctDNA to be a negative prognostic sign. For example, Chaudhuri et al. showed that 36‑month relapse‑free survival (RFS) in patients with and without postoperative plasma ctDNA was nearly 0 % and 90–99 %, respectively. The status of MRD determined by postoperative plasma ctDNA levels may be potentially used for adjuvant treatment selection in the postoperative period. In the DYNAMIC study, MRD‑positive patients (with postoperative plasma ctDNA) who received adjuvant therapy had an RFS of 22,4 months while those who did not receive adjuvant treatment had an RFS of 9,3 months.</p><p>Thus, the status of MRD based on the plasma ctDNA level after radical surgery may allow a personalized treatment approach for patients undergoing radical surgery for non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>циркулирующая опухолевая ДНК</kwd><kwd>минимальная резидуальная болезнь</kwd><kwd>немелкоклеточный рак легкого</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>circulating tumor DNA</kwd><kwd>minimal residual disease</kwd><kwd>non‑small cell lung cancer</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chudacek J, Bohanes T, Klein J et all. Detection of minimal residual disease in lung cancer. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014 Jun;158 (2):189-93. doi: 10.5507/bp.2013.019.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chudacek J, Bohanes T, Klein J et all. Detection of minimal residual disease in lung cancer. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014 Jun;158 (2):189-93. doi: 10.5507/bp.2013.019.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yu-tong Chen, Sharvesh Raj Seeruttun, Xiang-yuan Wu et al. Maximum Somatic Allele Frequency in Combination With Blood-Based Tumor Mutational Burden to Predict the Efficacy of Atezolizumab in Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Pooled A nalysis of t he R andomized POPLAR a nd OAK Studies. Front. O ncol., 17 December 2019 https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2019.01432.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yu-tong Chen, Sharvesh Raj Seeruttun, Xiang-yuan Wu et al. Maximum Somatic Allele Frequency in Combination With Blood-Based Tumor Mutational Burden to Predict the Efficacy of Atezolizumab in Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Pooled A nalysis of t he R andomized POPLAR a nd OAK Studies. Front. O ncol., 17 December 2019 https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2019.01432.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лактионов К. К., Казаков А. М., Гордиев М. Г. Роль использования циркулирующей опухолевой ДНК в лечении диссеминированных пациентов с немелкоклеточным раком легкого. Практическая онкология. 2021. Т. 22. № 2. С. 165-171. DOI 10.31917/2202165.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Laktionov K. K., Kazakov A.M., Gordeev M. G. The role of the use of circulating tumor DNA in the treatment of disseminated patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Practical oncology. 2021. Vol. 22. No. 2. pp. 165-171. DOI 10.31917/2202165.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guo N. Lou F. Ma Y. et al. Circulating tumor DNA detection in lung cancer patients before and after surgery. Sci Rep. 2016; 6: 33519 DOI: 10.1038/srep33519.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guo N. Lou F. Ma Y. et al. Circulating tumor DNA detection in lung cancer patients before and after surgery. Sci Rep. 2016; 6: 33519 DOI: 10.1038/srep33519.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kezhong Chen, Jingbo Zhang, Tian Guan et al. Comparison of plasma to tissue DNA mutations in surgical patients with non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2017 Sep;154 (3):1123-1131. e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2017.04.073.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kezhong Chen, Jingbo Zhang, Tian Guan et al. Comparison of plasma to tissue DNA mutations in surgical patients with non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2017 Sep;154 (3):1123-1131. e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2017.04.073.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chaudhuri AA, Chabon JJ, Lovejoy AF, et al. Early Detection of Molecular Residual Disease in Localized Lung Cancer by Circulating Tumor DNA Profiling. Cancer Discov 2017;7:1394-403. DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290. CD-17-0716.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chaudhuri AA, Chabon JJ, Lovejoy AF, et al. Early Detection of Molecular Residual Disease in Localized Lung Cancer by Circulating Tumor DNA Profiling. Cancer Discov 2017;7:1394-403. DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290. CD-17-0716.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen K, Zhao H, Shi Y, Yang F, Wang LT, Kang G, Nie Y, Wang J. Perioperative Dynamic Changes in Circulating Tumor DNA in Patients with Lung Cancer (DYNAMIC). Clin Cancer Res. 2019 Dec 1;25 (23):7058-7067. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432. CCR-19-1213.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen K, Zhao H, Shi Y, Yang F, Wang LT, Kang G, Nie Y, Wang J. Perioperative Dynamic Changes in Circulating Tumor DNA in Patients with Lung Cancer (DYNAMIC). Clin Cancer Res. 2019 Dec 1;25 (23):7058-7067. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432. CCR-19-1213.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chris Abbosh, Alexander Frankell, Aaron Garnett et al. Phylogenetic tracking and minimal residual disease detection using ctDNA in early-stage NSCLC: A lung TRACERx study. DOI:10.1158/1538-7445. AM2020-CT023 Conference: Proceedings: A ACR Annual Meeting 2020; April 27-28, 2020 and June 22-24, 2020; Philadelphia, PA.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chris Abbosh, Alexander Frankell, Aaron Garnett et al. Phylogenetic tracking and minimal residual disease detection using ctDNA in early-stage NSCLC: A lung TRACERx study. DOI:10.1158/1538-7445. AM2020-CT023 Conference: Proceedings: A ACR Annual Meeting 2020; April 27-28, 2020 and June 22-24, 2020; Philadelphia, PA.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Feifei Cheng, Li Su, and Cheng Qian. Circulating tumor DNA: a promising biomarker in the liquid biopsy of cancer. Oncotarget. 2016 Jul 26; 7 (30): 48832–48841. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.9453.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Feifei Cheng, Li Su, and Cheng Qian. Circulating tumor DNA: a promising biomarker in the liquid biopsy of cancer. Oncotarget. 2016 Jul 26; 7 (30): 48832–48841. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.9453.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Katrin Heider, Jonathan C. Wan, Davina Gale et al. Abstract 736: ctDNA detection in early stage non-small cell lung cancer. Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2020; April 27-28, 2020 and June 22-24, 2020; Philadelphia, PA. DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445. AM2020-736.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Katrin Heider, Jonathan C. Wan, Davina Gale et al. Abstract 736: ctDNA detection in early stage non-small cell lung cancer. Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2020; April 27-28, 2020 and June 22-24, 2020; Philadelphia, PA. DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445. AM2020-736.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shuta Ohara, Kenichi Suda, Kazuko Sakai et al. Prognostic implications of preoperative versus postoperative circulating tumor DNA in surgically resected lung cancer patients: a pilot study. Transl Lung Cancer Res. 2020 Oct; 9 (5): 1915–1923. doi: 10.21037/tlcr-20-505.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shuta Ohara, Kenichi Suda, Kazuko Sakai et al. Prognostic implications of preoperative versus postoperative circulating tumor DNA in surgically resected lung cancer patients: a pilot study. Transl Lung Cancer Res. 2020 Oct; 9 (5): 1915–1923. doi: 10.21037/tlcr-20-505.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chabon JJ, Hamilton EG, Kurtz DM, et al. Integrating genomic features for non-invasive early lung cancer detection. Nature. 2020;580 (7802):245-251. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2140-0.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chabon JJ, Hamilton EG, Kurtz DM, et al. Integrating genomic features for non-invasive early lung cancer detection. Nature. 2020;580 (7802):245-251. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2140-0.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Christopher Abbosh, Nicolai J. Birkbak et al. Early stage NSCLC — challenges to implementing ctDNA-based screening and MRD detection. Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology volume 15, pages577–586 (2018) DOI: 10.1038/s41571-018-0058-3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Christopher Abbosh, Nicolai J. Birkbak et al. Early stage NSCLC — challenges to implementing ctDNA-based screening and MRD detection. Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology volume 15, pages577–586 (2018) DOI: 10.1038/s41571-018-0058-3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abbosh C, Birkbak NJ, Wilson GA, et al. Phylogenetic ctDNA analysis depicts early-stage lung cancer evolution. Nature 2017;545:446-51. 10.1038/nature22364.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abbosh C, Birkbak NJ, Wilson GA, et al. Phylogenetic ctDNA analysis depicts early-stage lung cancer evolution. Nature 2017;545:446-51. 10.1038/nature22364.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Young KwangChae, MBAabMichael S. OhMDa. Detection of Minimal Residual Disease Using ctDNA in Lung Cancer: Current Evidence and Future Directions. Journal of Thoracic Oncology. Volume 14, Issue 1, January 2019, Pages 16-24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtho.2018.09.022.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Young KwangChae, MBAabMichael S. OhMDa. Detection of Minimal Residual Disease Using ctDNA in Lung Cancer: Current Evidence and Future Directions. Journal of Thoracic Oncology. Volume 14, Issue 1, January 2019, Pages 16-24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtho.2018.09.022.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Young Kwang Chae, MBA, Michael S. Oh. Detection of Minimal Residual Disease Using ctDNA in Lung Cancer: Current Evidence and Future Directions. J T horac Oncol. 2019 Jan;14 (1):16-24. doi: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.09.022.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Young Kwang Chae, MBA, Michael S. Oh. Detection of Minimal Residual Disease Using ctDNA in Lung Cancer: Current Evidence and Future Directions. J T horac Oncol. 2019 Jan;14 (1):16-24. doi: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.09.022.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jeanne Tie, Yuxuan Wang, Cristian Tomasetti, Lu Li, Simeon Springer, Isaac Kinde, Natalie Silliman, Mark Tacey, Hui-Li Wong, Michael Christie, Suzanne Kosmider, Iain Skinner,2 Rachel Wong, Malcolm Steel, Ben Tran, Jayesh Desai, Ian Jones, Andrew Haydon, Theresa Hayes, Tim J. Price, Robert L. Strausberg, Luis A. Diaz, Jr., Nickolas Papadopoulos, Kenneth W. Kinzler, Bert Vogelstein, and Peter Gibbs. Circulating tumor DNA analysis detects minimal residual disease and predicts recurrence in patients with stage II colon cancer. Sci Transl Med. 2016 Jul 6; 8 (346): 346ra92. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf6219.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jeanne Tie, Yuxuan Wang, Cristian Tomasetti, Lu Li, Simeon Springer, Isaac Kinde, Natalie Silliman, Mark Tacey, Hui-Li Wong, Michael Christie, Suzanne Kosmider, Iain Skinner,2 Rachel Wong, Malcolm Steel, Ben Tran, Jayesh Desai, Ian Jones, Andrew Haydon, Theresa Hayes, Tim J. Price, Robert L. Strausberg, Luis A. Diaz, Jr., Nickolas Papadopoulos, Kenneth W. Kinzler, Bert Vogelstein, and Peter Gibbs. Circulating tumor DNA analysis detects minimal residual disease and predicts recurrence in patients with stage II colon cancer. Sci Transl Med. 2016 Jul 6; 8 (346): 346ra92. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf6219.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Qiu, B., Guo, W., Zhang, F. et al. Dynamic recurrence risk and adjuvant chemotherapy benefit prediction by ctDNA in resected NSCLC. Nat Commun 12, 6770 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-27022-z.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Qiu, B., Guo, W., Zhang, F. et al. Dynamic recurrence risk and adjuvant chemotherapy benefit prediction by ctDNA in resected NSCLC. Nat Commun 12, 6770 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-27022-z.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">D. C. Kelly, L. W. le, J. Law et al. 77TiP From liquid biopsy to cure: Using CtDNA detection of minimal residual disease to identify patients for curative therapy after non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) resection. EARLY STAGE NSCLC | VOLUME 16, ISSUE 4, SUPPLEMENT, S736, APRIL 01, 2021. DOI::https://doi.org/10.1016/S1556-0864(21)01919-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">D. C. Kelly, L. W. le, J. Law et al. 77TiP From liquid biopsy to cure: Using CtDNA detection of minimal residual disease to identify patients for curative therapy after non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) resection. EARLY STAGE NSCLC | VOLUME 16, ISSUE 4, SUPPLEMENT, S736, APRIL 01, 2021. DOI::https://doi.org/10.1016/S1556-0864(21)01919-5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">S. Peters, D. Spigel, M. Ahn et al. P03.03 MERMAID-1: A Phase III Study of Adjuvant Durvalumab plus Chemotherapy in Resected NSCLC Patients with MRD + Post-Surgery. VOLUME 16, ISSUE 3, SUPPLEMENT, S258-S259, MARCH 01, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.376.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">S. Peters, D. Spigel, M. Ahn et al. P03.03 MERMAID-1: A Phase III Study of Adjuvant Durvalumab plus Chemotherapy in Resected NSCLC Patients with MRD + Post-Surgery. VOLUME 16, ISSUE 3, SUPPLEMENT, S258-S259, MARCH 01, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.376.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
