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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tumors</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Malignant tumours</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Malignant tumours</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2224-5057</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-6813</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Rosoncoweb</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18027/2224-5057-2022-12-2-36-44</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tumors-946</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ СЛУЧАИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL NOTES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Злокачественное новообразование молочной железы в составе синдрома Коудена</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Breast cancer as part of Cowden syndrome</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бяхова</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Byakhova</surname><given-names>M.  M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мария М. Бяхова, к. м. н., заведующая лаборатории генетики Центра патологоанатомической диагностики и молекулярной генетики</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mariya M. Byakhova, MD, PhD, Head of the Genetics Laboratory, Center for Pathological Anatomical Diagnostics and Molecular Genetics</p><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">biakhovamm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенова</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenova</surname><given-names>A.  B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Б. Семенова, д. м. н., заведующая Центра патологоанатомической диагностики и молекулярной генетики</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna B. Semenova, MD, PhD, DSc, Head of the Center for Pathological Diagnosis and Molecular Genetics</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галкин</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Galkin</surname><given-names>V.  N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Всеволод Н. Галкин, д. м. н., профессор, главный врач</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vsevolod N. Galkin, MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Chief of Medicine</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хомушку</surname><given-names>Ч. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Homushku</surname><given-names>C.  V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чинчи В. Хомушку, врач‑лабораторный‑генетик лаборатории генетики Центра патологоанатомической диагностики и молекулярной генетики</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chinchi V. Homushku, Laboratory Geneticist, Genetics Laboratory, Center for Pathological Diagnosis and Molecular Genetics</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зодьбинова</surname><given-names>А. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zod»binova</surname><given-names>A.  E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Айса Э. Зодьбинова, врач‑лабораторный‑генетик лаборатории генетики Центра патологоанатомической диагностики и молекулярной генетики</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aisa E. Zod»binova, Laboratory Geneticist, Genetics Laboratory, Center for Pathological Diagnosis and Molecular Genetics</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макарова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarova</surname><given-names>M.  V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мария В. Макарова, врач‑генетик, врач‑онколог, руководитель направления «Онкогенетика»</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria V. Makarova, Geneticist, Oncologist, Head of Oncology Genetics</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">makarova@evogenlab.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баранова</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baranova</surname><given-names>E.  E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Е. Баранова, к. м. н., врач‑генетик, медицинский директор; доцент кафедры медицинской генетики</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena E. Baranova, MD, PhD, Geneticist, Medical Director of Evogen LLC, Associate Professor of the Department of Medical Genetics</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">baranova@evogenlab.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сагайдак</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sagaydak</surname><given-names>O.  V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Олеся В. Сагайдак, к. м. н., руководитель научно‑медицинского отдела</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olesya V. Sagaydak, MD, PhD, Head of the Scientific and Medical Department</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sagaydak@evogenlab.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черневский</surname><given-names>Д. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernevskiy</surname><given-names>D.  K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Денис К. Черневский, эксперт по клиническому секвенированию</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Denis K. Chernevsky, Clinical Sequencing Expert</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chernevskiy@evogenlab.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беленикин</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belenikin</surname><given-names>M.  S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максим С. Беленикин, к. т. н., заведующий лабораторией и директор по науке и развитию</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maxim S. Belenikin, MD, PhD сhemistry, Head of the Laboratory and Director for Science and Development</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">belenikin@evogenlab.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Криницына</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krinitsina</surname><given-names>A.  A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия А. Криницына, к. б. н., заместитель заведующего лаборатории</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia A. Krinitsyna, MD, PhD biol., Deputy Head of the Laboratory</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">krinitsina@evogenlab.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронцова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorontsova</surname><given-names>M.  V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мария В. Воронцова, к. м. н., детский эндокринолог, ведущий научный сотрудник отделения детской тиреодологии, репродуктивного и соматического развития</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria V. Vorontsova, MD, PhD, Pediatric Endocrinologist, Leading Researcher, Department of Pediatric Thyroidology, Reproductive and Somatic Development</p><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maria.v.vorontsova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бодунова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bodunova</surname><given-names>N.  A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья А. Бодунова, к. м. н., врач‑гастроэнтеролог, заведующая Центром персонализированной медицины</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya A. Bodunova, MD, PhD, Gastroenterologist, Head of the Center for Personalized Medicine</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n.bodunova@mknc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Данишевич</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Danishevich</surname><given-names>A.  M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия М. Данишевич, врач‑генетик Центра персонализированной медицины</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia M. Danishevich, Geneticist, Center for Personalized Medicine</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.danishevich@mknc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хатьков</surname><given-names>И. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khatkov</surname><given-names>I.  E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игорь Е. Хатьков, д. м. н., профессор, член‑корр. РАН, директор; главный внештатный специалист‑онколог Департамента здравоохранения Москвы, заведующий кафедрой факультетской хирургии лечебного факультета МГМСУ</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor E. Khatkov, MD, PhD, DSc, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director; Chief Freelance Specialist‑Oncologist of the Moscow Department of Health, Head of the Department of Faculty Surgery, Medical Faculty of the Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry</p><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.hatkov@mknc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дегтерев</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Degterev</surname><given-names>D.  A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Янова</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yanova</surname><given-names>T.  I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна И. Янова, врач‑генетик </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana I. Yanova, Geneticist</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая онкологическая больница № 1 ДЗМ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Clinical Oncological Hospital No. 1</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Эвоген»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Evogen LLC</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Эвоген»; ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Evogen LLC; Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ эндокринологии» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Московский клинический научно-практический центр имени А. С. Логинова ДЗМ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Clinical Research Center named after A. S. Loginov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>36</fpage><lpage>44</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бяхова М.М., Семенова А.Б., Галкин В.Н., Хомушку Ч.В., Зодьбинова А.Э., Макарова М.В., Баранова Е.Е., Сагайдак О.В., Черневский Д.К., Беленикин М.С., Криницына А.А., Воронцова М.В., Бодунова Н.А., Данишевич А.М., Хатьков И.Е., Дегтерев Д.А., Янова Т.И., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бяхова М.М., Семенова А.Б., Галкин В.Н., Хомушку Ч.В., Зодьбинова А.Э., Макарова М.В., Баранова Е.Е., Сагайдак О.В., Черневский Д.К., Беленикин М.С., Криницына А.А., Воронцова М.В., Бодунова Н.А., Данишевич А.М., Хатьков И.Е., Дегтерев Д.А., Янова Т.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Byakhova M.M., Semenova A.B., Galkin V.N., Homushku C.V., Zod»binova A. ., Makarova M.V., Baranova E.E., Sagaydak O.V., Chernevskiy D.K., Belenikin M.S., Krinitsina A.A., Vorontsova M.V., Bodunova N.A., Danishevich A.M., Khatkov I.E., Degterev D.A., Yanova T.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.malignanttumors.org/jour/article/view/946">https://www.malignanttumors.org/jour/article/view/946</self-uri><abstract><p>Синдром Коудена характеризуется наличием множественных гамартом с высоким риском развития доброкачественных и злокачественных опухолей щитовидной железы, молочной железы, почек и эндометрия. Риск развития рака молочной железы у пациентов с синдромом Коудена в течение жизни составляет 85 %, при этом средний возраст постановки диагноза составляет от 38 до 46 лет. Диагностические критерии синдрома Коудена установлены Международным консорциумом по синдрому Коудена (ICC) и Американской ассоциацией онкологов (NCCN) и подвергаются регулярному пересмотру, однако диагностика синдрома Коудена по‑прежнему затруднена ввиду разнообразия фенотипических особенностей и клинических признаков заболеваний. В то же время, анализ генетических вариантов, ассоциированных с синдромом Коудена, не является стандартом обследования при диагностике рака молочной железы.</p><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: продемонстрировать выявление методом полногеномного секвенирования наследственных опухолевых синдромов, клиническим проявлением которых могут быть злокачественные новообразования молочной железы, на примере синдрома Коудена.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: в статье описан клинический случай пациентки 37 лет с нормальным интеллектом и фенотипом, структурными поражениями щитовидной железы (многоузловой зоб), обратившейся по поводу рака молочной железы. В рамках научного исследования с целью выявления клинически значимых генетических вариантов, ассоциированных с наследственными опухолевыми синдромами, применен метод полногеномного секвенирования.</p></sec><sec><title>Клинический случай</title><p>Клинический случай: в статье представлен краткий обзор литературы, посвященный клинической характеристике синдрома Коудена, и показаний для молекулярной диагностики. Описан клинический случай пациентки Р., 37 лет, которая проходила лечение в ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая онкологическая больница № 1 ДЗМ» в 2021 г. по поводу рака молочной железы. С учетом диагностированного в возрасте до 50 лет злокачественного новообразования молочной железы пациентка включена в научный проект по проведению полногеномных исследований в рамках приказа Департамента Здравоохранения г. Москвы № 69 от 01.02.2021 «Об организации проведения онкогенетических исследований в городе Москве», по результатам генетического исследования выявлен патогенный вариант гена PTEN, ассоциированный с синдромом Коудена.</p></sec><sec><title>Вывод</title><p>Вывод: Применение полногеномного секвенирования позволяет выявлять наследственные опухолевые синдромы, клиническим проявлением которых могут быть злокачественные новообразования молочной железы.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Cowden syndrome is a rare disease characterized by multiple hamartomas and increased breast, thyroid, kidney and uterine neoplasm risk. The lifetime breast cancer risk for patients with Cowden syndrome is 85 %, with an average age of diagnosis between 38 and 46 years. The diagnostic criteria for Cowden syndrome have been established by the International Cowden Consortium (ICC) and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), and are regularly revised, but the diagnosis of Cowden syndrome remains difficult due to the variety of phenotypic and clinical features of the disease. At the same time, the genetic variants associated with Cowden syndrome analysis is not a standard for patients with breast cancer.</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: To demonstrate the non‑BRCA hereditary breast cancer detection using whole genome sequencing on the Cowden syndrome clinical case example.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods: The article describes a clinical case of a 37‑year‑old female patient with breast cancer, normal intelligence and phenotype, structural abnormalities of the thyroid gland (multinodular goiter). Whole genome sequencing was used to identify clinically significant genetic variants associated with hereditary tumor syndromes.</p></sec><sec><title>Clinical case</title><p>Clinical case: The article presents a brief literature review on the clinical presentation of Cowden syndrome and indications for its molecular diagnosis. Also, the presented clinical case describes patient R., 37 years old female with breast cancer, who underwent treatment in the City Clinical Oncological Hospital № 1 of the Moscow City Health Department in 2021. The patient was fully examined and enrolled in the whole genome sequencing project under the Order № 69 of Moscow Healthcare Department dated February 1, 2021 «Oncogenetic research organization in Moscow». The results revealed a pathogenic variant in the PTEN gene, previously associated with Cowden syndrome.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: The use of whole genome sequencing allows to identify hereditary tumor syndromes, the clinical manifestation of which may be breast cancer.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>синдром Коудена</kwd><kwd>PTEN‑ассоциированный рак молочной железы</kwd><kwd>полногеномное секвенирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Cowden syndrome</kwd><kwd>PTEN‑associated breast cancer</kwd><kwd>whole genome sequencing</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Garofola C, Jamal Z, Gross GP. Cowden Disease. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; January 17, 2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Garofola C, Jamal Z, Gross GP. Cowden Disease. In: StatPearls. 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