tumorsMalignant tumoursMalignant tumours2224-50572587-6813Rosoncoweb10.18027/2224-5057-2022-12-1-36-43tumors-943Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯORIGINAL REPORTSМелкоклеточный рак легкого. Цитологическая диагностикаSmall‑cell lung carcinoma. Cytological diagnosisГригорукО. Г.GrygorukO. G.

Ольга Г. Григорук, д. б. н., заведующая цитологической лабораторией; доцент кафедры биологической химии, клинической лабораторной диагностики

Барнаул

Olga G. Grygoruk, MD, DSc Biol, Head of the Cytology Laboratory; Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics

Barnaul

cytolakod@rambler.ruЦойД. А.TsoiD. A.

Дмитрий А. Цой, врач цитологической лаборатории

Барнаул

Dmitry A. Tsoi, Physician of the Cytology Laboratory

Barnaul

dimazeu@gmail.comБазулинаЛ. М.BazulinaL. M.

Лариса М. Базулина, врач цитологической лаборатории

Барнаул

Larisa M. Bazulina, Physician of the Cytology Laboratory

Barnaul

lardok69@mail.ruВихляновИ. В.VihlyanovI. V.

Игорь В. Вихлянов, д. м. н., Главный врач; профессор кафедры онкологии, лучевой терапии и лучевой диагностики с курсом ДПО

Барнаул

Igor V. Vihlyanov, MD, PhD, DSc, Chief Physician, Altay Regional Oncology Dispensary, Professor of the Department of Radiation Therapy and Radiology with a Course of Continuing Professional Education

Barnaul

akod@zdravalt.ruКГБУЗ «Алтайский краевой онкологический диспансер»; ФГБОУ ВО «Алтайский государственный медицинский университет»РоссияAltay Regional Oncology Dispensary; Altay State Medical UniversityRussian FederationКГБУЗ «Алтайский краевой онкологический диспансер»РоссияAltay Regional Oncology DispensaryRussian Federation2022080420221213643Copyright © Григорук О.Г., Цой Д.А., Базулина Л.М., Вихлянов И.В., 20222022Григорук О.Г., Цой Д.А., Базулина Л.М., Вихлянов И.В.Grygoruk O.G., Tsoi D.A., Bazulina L.M., Vihlyanov I.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.malignanttumors.org/jour/article/view/943

Цель статьи — оценить возможности цитологической диагностики нейроэндокринных опухолей легкого: мелкоклеточного рака и карциноидов. Изучены данные цитологического обследования 147 пациентов в течение года, материал был получен при видеобронхоскопии (n = 112), верификации метастазов в лимфатических узлах (n = 27) и плевральном выпоте (n = 8). Мелкоклеточный рак легкого диагностирован у 143 пациентов, что составило 23,9 % от числа всех карцином легкого. Карциноидные опухоли от числа нейроэндокринных новообразований легких составили 2,7 %, в трех наблюдениях типичный и в одном — атипичный карциноид. Определены клеточные признаки, характерные для мелкоклеточного рака легкого и карциноидов, наиболее значимые при цитологической диагностике (n = 11). По данным дискриминантного анализа, частота точной цитологической диагностики мелкоклеточного рака легкого и типичного карциноида составляет 96,69 %. Цитологический метод диагностики нейроэндокринных опухолей является надежным методом. При дифференциальной диагностике метастазов мелкоклеточного рака легкого от других опухолей и неопухолевых процессов в плевральных выпотах, кроме световой микроскопии, показано использование иммуноцитохимических исследований с нейроэндокринными маркерами.

The purpose of this article is to evaluate the possibilities of cytology for lung neuroendocrine tumors (small‑cell lung carcinoma and carcinoids) diagnostics. Cytology specimens obtained by bronchoscopy (n = 112), biopsy of metastatic lymph nodes (n = 27) or from pleural effusion (n = 8) were collected within over 1 year from 147 patients and studied. Small-cell lung carcinoma was diagnosed in 143 patients, representing 23,9 % of all lung carcinomas. The proportion of carcinoid tumors was 2,7 % of all neuroendocrine tumors. Typical carcinoid was observed in three cases, and atypical carcinoid — in one case. Cytologic features most significant for cytological diagnosis of small‑cell lung carcinoma and carcinoids were identified (n = 11). Discriminant analysis demonstrated that the proportion of accurate cytological diagnosis of small‑cell lung carcinoma and carcinoids was 96,69 %. Cytology is a reliable method for neuroendocrine tumor diagnosis. Immunocytochemistry with neuroendocrine markers along with light microscopy should be used to differentiate small‑cell lung carcinoma metastases from other tumors and non‑malignant pathology in pleural effusion specimens.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.