tumorsMalignant tumoursMalignant tumours2224-50572587-6813Rosoncoweb10.18027/2224-5057-2014-3-172-176tumors-90Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И АНАЛИТИКАREVIEWS AND ANALYSISТРОМБОЗЫ И ТРОМБОЭМБОЛИИ В ОНКОЛОГИИ. СОВРЕМЕННЫЙ ВЗГЛЯД НА ПРОБЛЕМУTHROMBOEMBOLISM IN ONCOLOGY. MODERN VIEW ON THE PROBLEMСомоноваО. В.SomonovaO. V.somonova@mail.ruМаджугаА. В.MadzhugaA. V.somonova@mail.ruЕлизароваА. Л.ElizarovaA. L.somonova@mail.ruРоссийский онкологический научный центр им. Н. Н. БлохинаRussian Federation20142105201503172176Copyright © Сомонова О.В., Маджуга А.В., Елизарова А.Л., 20152015Сомонова О.В., Маджуга А.В., Елизарова А.Л.Somonova O.V., Madzhuga A.V., Elizarova A.L.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.malignanttumors.org/jour/article/view/90

Для больных злокачественными новообразованиями  характерен высокий риск развития тромботических осложнений, которые осложняют противоопухолевое  лечение  и ухудшают выживаемость  онкологических больных. Основную роль в патогенезе тромботических осложнений у больных злокачественными новообразованиями играют изменения в системе гемостаза,  вызываемые как самой опухолью, так и методами лечения. Низкомолекулярные гепарины являются основой специфической профилактики тромбоэмболических  осложнений у онкологических больных. Применение низкомолекулярных гепаринов до и после операции и на фоне химиотерапии уменьшает активацию внутрисосудистого свертывания крови, снижает частоту венозных тромбозов и предотвращает смертельные ТЭЛА, что расширяет  возможности противоопухолевого лечения и повышает качество жизни онкологических больных.

Patients with malignant neoplasms are characterized by a high risk of thrombotic complications, which could complicate antitumor treatment and worsen the survival rate. Changes in the hemostatic system, caused by both the tumor and the treatment methods have the main role in the pathogenesis of thrombotic complications in cancer patients. Low molecular weight heparins are the basis for specific prevention of thromboembolic complications in cancer patients. The use of low molecular weight heparins before and after surgery and chemotherapy reduces the activation of intravascular coagulation, reduces the incidence of venous thrombosis and prevent fatal pulmonary embolism, which enhances the antitumor treatment and improves the quality of life in cancer patients.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.