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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tumors</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Malignant tumours</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Malignant tumours</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2224-5057</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-6813</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Rosoncoweb</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18027/2224-5057-2019-9-3-71-81</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tumors-676</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И АНАЛИТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS AND ANALYSIS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Практические аспекты современной противоопухолевой терапии местнораспространенного и метастатического билиарного рака</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Practical aspects of modern antineoplastic therapy in locally advanced and metastatic biliary tract cancer</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бредер</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Breder</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валерий В. Бредер - доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник онкологического отделения лекарственных методов лечения (химиотерапевтическое № 17).</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeriy V. Breder - MD, PhD, DSc, Leading Researcher of the Oncology Drug Therapy Department (Chemotherapy Department No. 17).</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vbreder@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крутелева</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kruteleva</surname><given-names>S. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Светлана Ю. Крутелева - аспирант онкологического отделения лекарственных методов лечения (химиотерапевтическое № 17).</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana Yu. Kruteleva - Research Fellow of the Oncology Drug Therapy Department (Chemotherapy Department No. 17).</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kruteleva2009@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казанцева</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazantseva</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мария А. Казанцева - кандидат медицинских наук, младший научный сотрудник онкологического отделения лекарственных методов лечения (химиотерапевтическое № 17).</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mariya A. Kazantseva - MD, PhD, Junior Researcher of the Oncology Drug Therapy Department (Chemotherapy Department No. 17).</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Okruzhnovama@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лактионов</surname><given-names>К. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Laktionov</surname><given-names>K. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Константин К. Лактионов - доктор медицинских наук, заведующий онкологического отделения лекарственных методов лечения (химиотерапевтическое № 17).</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin K. Laktionov - MD, PhD, DSc, Head of the Oncology Drug Therapy Department (Chemotherapy Department No. 17).</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lkoskos@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>71</fpage><lpage>81</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бредер В.В., Крутелева С.Ю., Казанцева М.А., Лактионов К.К., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бредер В.В., Крутелева С.Ю., Казанцева М.А., Лактионов К.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Breder V.V., Kruteleva S.Y., Kazantseva M.A., Laktionov K.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.malignanttumors.org/jour/article/view/676">https://www.malignanttumors.org/jour/article/view/676</self-uri><abstract><p>Несмотря на то, что рак желчного пузыря и желчных протоков является достаточно редким заболеванием, он представляет собой значимую проблему современной онкологии. Хирургическое лечение в адекватном объеме — единственный метод, способный дать шанс на выздоровление для небольшой части больных с ранними стадиями заболевания. Возможности лекарственной терапии билиарного рака ограничены невысокой эффективностью узкого перечня используемых цитостатиков. Добавление химиотерапии мало отражается на отдаленных результатах хирургии и других методов локального воздействия. Перспективы в лечении этой группы больных видятся в области изучения таргетной терапии и ее комбинации со стандартной цитотоксической терапией, а также в возможном влиянии на иммунный противоопухолевый ответ, что обусловливает поиск предикторов эффективности иммунотерапии. Целью этого обзора является рассмотрение практических возможностей лекарственной терапии билиарного рака, освещение исследований, направленных на поиск молекулярно-генетических мишеней и эффективных комбинаций уже существующих препаратов и возможное применение полученных результатов в практике.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Although gallbladder and biliary tract cancer is a rather rare group of diseases, it is among the pressing issues of modern oncology. Adequate surgery is the only curative method that can give a chance for recovery for a small proportion of patients at early stages of the disease. The scope of opportunities of drug therapy in biliary tract cancer is limited by the low effectiveness of the few currently available cytostatics. The addition of chemotherapy has little effect on the long-term outcome of surgery and other local interventions. Apparently, future treatments for these patients should be developed based on studies of targeted therapy and its combination with standard cytotoxic therapy, as well as possible targeting of anticancer immune response, which necessitates a search for immunotherapy efficacy predictors. The objective of this article is to consider the practical potential of drug therapy for biliary tract cancer and to review the studies that looked into molecular genetic targets and effective combinations of existing drugs, analyzing possible practical applications of the study results.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>билиарный рак</kwd><kwd>рак желчного пузыря</kwd><kwd>холангиокарцинома</kwd><kwd>адъювантная терапия</kwd><kwd>локорегионарная терапия</kwd><kwd>таргетная терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>biliary tract cancer</kwd><kwd>gallbladder cancer</kwd><kwd>cholangiocarcinoma</kwd><kwd>adjuvant therapy</kwd><kwd>locoregional therapy</kwd><kwd>targeted therapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goetze T. O. Gallbladder carcinoma: Prognostic factors and therapeutic options. 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