<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tumors</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Malignant tumours</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Malignant tumours</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2224-5057</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-6813</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Rosoncoweb</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18027/2224-5057-2018-8-1-5-11</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tumors-490</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ ОНКОЛОГИЯ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FUNDAMENTAL ONCOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль метилирования генов микроРНК в различных молекулярно-биологических подтипах рака молочной железы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of microRNA genes methylation in different molecular-biological subtypes of breast cancer</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рябчиков</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryabchicov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. м. н., ведущий научный сотрудник, хирургическое отделение опухолей молочных желез</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD Med, Leading Researcher, Department of Breast Cancer Surgical Treatment</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.denisr@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дудина</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dudina</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка 5 курса, факультет Международная школа «Медицина Будущего»</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>5th year student</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">miss.rowe@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воротников</surname><given-names>И. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorotnikov</surname><given-names>I. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., профессор, зав. отделением, хирургическое отделение опухолей молочных желез</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, DSc Med, Professor, Head of the Department of Breast Cancer Surgical Treatment</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.vorotnicov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Талипов</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Talipov</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>post-graduate student</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">orifjon1986@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Титов</surname><given-names>К. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Titov</surname><given-names>K. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., зав. отделением, онкохирургическое отделение опухолей кожи и мягких тканей</p><p>доцент, кафедра онкологии и лучевой терапии </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, DSc Med, Head of the Department of Skin and Soft Tissues Oncosurgery</p><p>Associate Professor of the Department of Oncology and Radiation Therapy</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ks-titov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Денчик</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Denchik</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. м. н., научный сотрудник, хирургическое отделение опухолей молочных желез</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD Med, Researcher, Department of Breast Cancer Surgical Treatment</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dda.84@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казубская</surname><given-names>Т. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazubskaya</surname><given-names>T. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., ведущий научный сотрудник, лаборатория клинической онкогенетики</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, DSc Med, Leading Research Assistant, Clinical Oncogenetics Laboratory</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oncogen5@ronc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бурденный</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Burdennyy</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. б. н., с. н. с., лаборатория патогеномики и транскриптомики</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD Biol, Senior Researcher, Pathogenomics and Transcriptomics Laboratory</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">burdennyy@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Логинов</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Loginov</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. б. н., ведущий научный сотрудник, лаборатория патогеномики и транскриптомики</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD Biol, Leading Researcher, Pathogenomics and Transcriptomics Laboratory</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">loginov7w@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И. М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения РФ (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ Московский клинический научный центр им А. С. Логинова Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы;  &#13;
ФГБОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н. И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Center; &#13;
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт общей патологии и патофизиологии»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>05</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>11</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рябчиков Д.А., Дудина И.А., Воротников И.К., Талипов О.А., Титов К.С., Денчик Д.А., Казубская Т.П., Бурденный А.М., Логинов В.И., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рябчиков Д.А., Дудина И.А., Воротников И.К., Талипов О.А., Титов К.С., Денчик Д.А., Казубская Т.П., Бурденный А.М., Логинов В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ryabchicov D.A., Dudina I.A., Vorotnikov I.K., Talipov O.A., Titov K.S., Denchik D.A., Kazubskaya T.P., Burdennyy A.M., Loginov V.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.malignanttumors.org/jour/article/view/490">https://www.malignanttumors.org/jour/article/view/490</self-uri><abstract><p>Метилирование промоторных CpG-островков генов микроРНК (миРНК) при раке молочной железы (РМЖ) – эпигенетическая модификация, которая играет решающую роль в инициировании и прогрессировании заболевания. В данной статье представлено исследование, цель которого – изучить частоту метилирования пяти генов миРНК (миРНК-9–1, миРНК- 9–3, миРНК-34b/c, миРНК-193a, миРНК-129-2) в эпителиальных опухолях молочной железы. Для выявления метилированных генов использовался метод полимеразной цепной реакции, специфичной к метилированному аллелю (МС-ПЦР). В исследовании приняли участие 62 пациентки. Оказалось, что частота метилирования генов всех пяти миРНК достоверно выше в опухолевой ткани, чем в прилежащей гистологически неизмененной ткани молочных желез. Авторы также провели корреляционный анализ и выявили связь частоты метилирования определенных генов миРНК с некоторыми клиническими и молекулярными характеристиками опухоли. Полученные данные об эпигенетических нарушениях при РМЖ дополняют «молекулярный портрет» опухоли и являются перспективными маркерами для диагностики и оценки прогноза, а также могут стать мишенью для успешной терапии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The methylation of CpG islands in the promoter regions of miRNA genes is an epigenetic modification that plays a decisive role in the breast cancer (BC) initiation and progression. The aim of the study was to investigate the frequency of 5 miRNA genes methylation (miRNA-9–1, miRNA-9–3, miRNA-34b/c, miRNA-193A, miRNA-129-2) in mammary epithelial neoplasms. Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MS-PCR) was used to detect methylated genes. 62 patients took part in this study. It was found that the frequency of all 5 miRNAs genes methylation is significantly higher in tumor tissue than in the adjacent histologically unchanged mammary tissue. The authors also performed a correlation analysis and founded a relationship between the methylation rate of certain miRNA genes with some clinical and molecular characteristics of the tumor. This information on epigenetic disorders of BC complements the “molecular portrait” of the tumor and can be used to diagnose and assess the prognosis.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микроРНК</kwd><kwd>рак молочной железы</kwd><kwd>метилирование</kwd><kwd>канцерогенез</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>miRNA</kwd><kwd>breast cancer</kwd><kwd>methylation</kwd><kwd>oncogenesis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке Российского Научного Фонда – Проект №14 15 00654.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Torre L.A., Bray F., Siegel R.L., Ferlay J., Lortet-Tieulent J., Jemal A. Global cancer statistics, 2012. CA Cancer J. Clin. 2015. Vol. 65 (2). P. 87–108. doi: 10.3322/caac. 21262.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Torre L.A., Bray F., Siegel R.L., Ferlay J., Lortet-Tieulent J., Jemal A. Global cancer statistics, 2012. CA Cancer J. Clin. 2015. Vol. 65 (2). P. 87–108. doi: 10.3322/caac. 21262.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Состояние онкологической помощи населению России в 2016 году / Под ред. Каприна А.Д., Старинского В.В., Петровой Г.В. Москва, 2017. С. 116. [Sostoyanie onkologicheskoy pomoshchi naseleniyu Rossii v 2016 godu. Eds. Kaprin A.D., Starinskiy V.V., Petrova G.V. Moscow, 2017. P. 116 (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Состояние онкологической помощи населению России в 2016 году / Под ред. Каприна А.Д., Старинского В.В., Петровой Г.В. Москва, 2017. С. 116. [Sostoyanie onkologicheskoy pomoshchi naseleniyu Rossii v 2016 godu. Eds. Kaprin A.D., Starinskiy V.V., Petrova G.V. Moscow, 2017. P. 116 (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tang X., Tang J., Liu X., Zeng L., Cheng C., Luo Y. et. al. Downregulation of miR-129-2 by promoter hypermethylation regulates breast cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis. Oncol. Rep. 2016. Vol. 35 (5). P. 2963–2969. doi: 10.3892/or. 2016.4647.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tang X., Tang J., Liu X., Zeng L., Cheng C., Luo Y. et. al. Downregulation of miR-129-2 by promoter hypermethylation regulates breast cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis. Oncol. Rep. 2016. Vol. 35 (5). P. 2963–2969. doi: 10.3892/or. 2016.4647.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lewis B.P., Burge C.B., Bartel D.P. Conserved seed pairing, often flanked by adenosines, indicates that thousands of human genes are microRNA targets. Cell. 2005. Vol. 120 (1). P. 15-20. doi: 10.1016/j. cell. 2004.12.035.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lewis B.P., Burge C.B., Bartel D.P. Conserved seed pairing, often flanked by adenosines, indicates that thousands of human genes are microRNA targets. Cell. 2005. Vol. 120 (1). P. 15-20. doi: 10.1016/j. cell. 2004.12.035.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Логинов В.И., Рыков С.В., Фридман М.В., Брага Э.А. Метилирование генов микроРНК и онкогенез // Биохимия. 2015. Том 80. Вып. 2. С. 184–203 [Loginov V. I., Rykov S.V., Fridman M.V., Braga E.A. Metilirovanie genov mikroRNK i onkogenez. Biokhimiya. 2015. Vol. 80. Iss. 2. P. 184–203 (In. Russ.)].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Логинов В.И., Рыков С.В., Фридман М.В., Брага Э.А. Метилирование генов микроРНК и онкогенез // Биохимия. 2015. Том 80. Вып. 2. С. 184–203 [Loginov V. I., Rykov S.V., Fridman M.V., Braga E.A. Metilirovanie genov mikroRNK i onkogenez. Biokhimiya. 2015. Vol. 80. Iss. 2. P. 184–203 (In. Russ.)].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang B., Pan X., Cobb G.P., Anderson T.A. MicroRNAs as oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Dev. Bio. 2007. Vol. 302 (1). P. 1–12. doi: 10.5772/54701.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang B., Pan X., Cobb G.P., Anderson T.A. MicroRNAs as oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Dev. Bio. 2007. Vol. 302 (1). P. 1–12. doi: 10.5772/54701.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рябчиков Д.А., Казубская Т.П., Воротников И.К., Логинов В.И., Бурденый А.М., Чхиквадзе Н.В. и др. Метилирование ряда генов хромосомы 3 (3р) у больных раком молочной железы // Сборник научных работ III Петербургского международного онкологического форума «Белые ночи 2017». 2017. C. 104а–104. [Ryabchikov D.A., Kazubskaya T.P., Vorotnikov I.K., Loginov V. I., Burdenyj A.M., CHkhikvadze N. V. et al. Metilirovanie ryada genov khromosomy 3 (3r) u bol’nykh rakom molochnoj zhelezy. Sbornik nauchnykh rabot III Peterburgskogo mezhdunarodnogo onkologicheskogo foruma “Belye nochi 2017”. 2017. P. 104a–104 (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Рябчиков Д.А., Казубская Т.П., Воротников И.К., Логинов В.И., Бурденый А.М., Чхиквадзе Н.В. и др. Метилирование ряда генов хромосомы 3 (3р) у больных раком молочной железы // Сборник научных работ III Петербургского международного онкологического форума «Белые ночи 2017». 2017. C. 104а–104. [Ryabchikov D.A., Kazubskaya T.P., Vorotnikov I.K., Loginov V. I., Burdenyj A.M., CHkhikvadze N. V. et al. Metilirovanie ryada genov khromosomy 3 (3r) u bol’nykh rakom molochnoj zhelezy. Sbornik nauchnykh rabot III Peterburgskogo mezhdunarodnogo onkologicheskogo foruma “Belye nochi 2017”. 2017. P. 104a–104 (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рябчиков Д.А., Челышева Д.С., Логинов В.И., Бурденый А.М., Пронина И.В., Брага Э.А. и др. Аберрантное метилирование ряда генов хромосомы 3 (3р), включающееся в патогенез рака молочной железы // Молекулярная диагностика. 2017. C. 195–196. [Ryabchikov D.A., Chelysheva D.S., Loginov V.I., Burdenyj A.M., Pronina I.V., Braga E.A. et al. Aberrantnoe metilirovanie ryada genov khromosomy 3 (3r), vklyuchayushcheesya v patogenez raka molochnoj zhelezy. Molekulyarnaya diagnostika. 2017. P. 195–196 (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Рябчиков Д.А., Челышева Д.С., Логинов В.И., Бурденый А.М., Пронина И.В., Брага Э.А. и др. Аберрантное метилирование ряда генов хромосомы 3 (3р), включающееся в патогенез рака молочной железы // Молекулярная диагностика. 2017. C. 195–196. [Ryabchikov D.A., Chelysheva D.S., Loginov V.I., Burdenyj A.M., Pronina I.V., Braga E.A. et al. Aberrantnoe metilirovanie ryada genov khromosomy 3 (3r), vklyuchayushcheesya v patogenez raka molochnoj zhelezy. Molekulyarnaya diagnostika. 2017. P. 195–196 (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tahiri A., Leivonen S.K., Luders T., Steinfeld I., Aure M.R., Geisler J. et al. Deregulation of cancer-related miRNAs is a common event in both benign and malignant human breast tumors. Carcinogenesis. 2014. Vol. 35 (1). P. 76-85. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgt333.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tahiri A., Leivonen S.K., Luders T., Steinfeld I., Aure M.R., Geisler J. et al. Deregulation of cancer-related miRNAs is a common event in both benign and malignant human breast tumors. Carcinogenesis. 2014. Vol. 35 (1). P. 76-85. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgt333.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen X., Hu H., Guan X., Xiong G., Wang Y., Wang K. et al. CpG island methylation status of miRNAs in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Int. J. Cancer. 2012. Vol. 130. P. 1607-1613. PMID: 21547903.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen X., Hu H., Guan X., Xiong G., Wang Y., Wang K. et al. CpG island methylation status of miRNAs in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Int. J. Cancer. 2012. Vol. 130. P. 1607-1613. PMID: 21547903.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gao Y., Feng B., Han S., Lu L., Chen Y., Chu X. et al. MicroRNA-129 in Human Cancers: from Tumorigenesis to Clinical Treatment. Cell Physiol. Biochem. 2016. Vol. 39 (6). P. 2186–2202. doi: 10.1159/000447913.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gao Y., Feng B., Han S., Lu L., Chen Y., Chu X. et al. MicroRNA-129 in Human Cancers: from Tumorigenesis to Clinical Treatment. Cell Physiol. Biochem. 2016. Vol. 39 (6). P. 2186–2202. doi: 10.1159/000447913.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pronina I.V., Loginov V. I., Burdennyy A.M., Fridman M.V., Kazubskaya T.P., Dmitriev A.A., Braga E.A. Expression and DNA methylation alterations of seven cancer-associated 3p genes and their predicted regulator miRNAs (miR-129–2, miR-9-1) in breast and ovarian cancers. Gene. 2016. Vol. 576. P. 483–491. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.10.059.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pronina I.V., Loginov V. I., Burdennyy A.M., Fridman M.V., Kazubskaya T.P., Dmitriev A.A., Braga E.A. Expression and DNA methylation alterations of seven cancer-associated 3p genes and their predicted regulator miRNAs (miR-129–2, miR-9-1) in breast and ovarian cancers. Gene. 2016. Vol. 576. P. 483–491. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.10.059.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kapsimali M., Kloosterman W.P., de Bruijn E., Rosa F., Plasterk R., Wilson S. MicroRNAs show a wide diversity of expression profiles in the developing and mature central nervous system. Genome Biol. 2007. Vol. 8 (8). P. R173. doi: 10.1186/gb-2007-8-8-r173.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kapsimali M., Kloosterman W.P., de Bruijn E., Rosa F., Plasterk R., Wilson S. MicroRNAs show a wide diversity of expression profiles in the developing and mature central nervous system. Genome Biol. 2007. Vol. 8 (8). P. R173. doi: 10.1186/gb-2007-8-8-r173.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roese-Koerner B., Stappert L., Berger T., Braun N.C., Veltel M., Jungverdorben J. et al. Reciprocal Regulation between Bifunctional miR-9/9 (*) and its Transcriptional Modulator Notch in Human Neural Stem Cell Self-Renewal and Differentiation. Stem Cell Reports. 2016. Vol. 7 (2). P. 207–219. doi: 10.1016/j. stemcr. 2016.06.008.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roese-Koerner B., Stappert L., Berger T., Braun N.C., Veltel M., Jungverdorben J. et al. Reciprocal Regulation between Bifunctional miR-9/9 (*) and its Transcriptional Modulator Notch in Human Neural Stem Cell Self-Renewal and Differentiation. Stem Cell Reports. 2016. Vol. 7 (2). P. 207–219. doi: 10.1016/j. stemcr. 2016.06.008.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barbano R., Pasculli B., Rendina M., Fontana A., Fusilli C., Copetti M. Stepwise analysis of MIR9 loci identifies miR-9-5p to be involved in Oestrogen regulated pathways in breast cancer patients. Sci. Rep. 2017. Vol. 7. P. 45283. doi:10.1038/srep45283.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barbano R., Pasculli B., Rendina M., Fontana A., Fusilli C., Copetti M. Stepwise analysis of MIR9 loci identifies miR-9-5p to be involved in Oestrogen regulated pathways in breast cancer patients. Sci. Rep. 2017. Vol. 7. P. 45283. doi:10.1038/srep45283.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lujambio A., Calin G.A., Villanueva A., Ropero S., Sanchez-Cespedes M., Blanco D. et al. A microRNA DNA methylation signature for human cancer metastasis // Proc. Natl. Acad.Sci. USA. 2008. Vol. 105. P. 13556-13561. doi: 10.1073/pnas. 0803055105. Epub 2008 Sep 3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lujambio A., Calin G.A., Villanueva A., Ropero S., Sanchez-Cespedes M., Blanco D. et al. A microRNA DNA methylation signature for human cancer metastasis // Proc. Natl. Acad.Sci. USA. 2008. Vol. 105. P. 13556-13561. doi: 10.1073/pnas. 0803055105. Epub 2008 Sep 3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gwak J.M., Kim H. J., Kim E. J., Chung Y. R, Yun S. et al. MicroRNA-9 is associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition, breast cancer stem cell phenotype, and tumor progression in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 2014. Vol. 147 (1). P. 39–49. doi: 10.1007/s10549-014-3069-5. Epub 2014 Aug 3. doi: 10.1007/s10549-014-3069-5. Epub 2014 Aug 3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gwak J.M., Kim H. J., Kim E. J., Chung Y. R, Yun S. et al. MicroRNA-9 is associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition, breast cancer stem cell phenotype, and tumor progression in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 2014. Vol. 147 (1). P. 39–49. doi: 10.1007/s10549-014-3069-5. Epub 2014 Aug 3. doi: 10.1007/s10549-014-3069-5. Epub 2014 Aug 3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Suzuki H., Maruyama R., Yamamoto E., Kai M. DNA methylation and microRNA dysregulation in cancer. Molecular Oncology 2012. Vol. 6 (2). P. 567–578. doi: 10.1016/j. molonc. 2012.07.007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Suzuki H., Maruyama R., Yamamoto E., Kai M. DNA methylation and microRNA dysregulation in cancer. Molecular Oncology 2012. Vol. 6 (2). P. 567–578. doi: 10.1016/j. molonc. 2012.07.007.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yu f., Jiao Y., Zhu Y., Wang Y., Zhu J. et al. MicroRNA 34c gene down-regulation via DNA methylation promotes self-renewal and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast tumor-initiating cells. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2012. Vol. 287 (1). P. 465–473. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M111.280768.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yu f., Jiao Y., Zhu Y., Wang Y., Zhu J. et al. MicroRNA 34c gene down-regulation via DNA methylation promotes self-renewal and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast tumor-initiating cells. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2012. Vol. 287 (1). P. 465–473. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M111.280768.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">He Y., Cui Y., Wang W., Gu J., Guo S., Ma K. et al. Hypomethylation of the hsa-miR-191 locus causes high expression of hsamir-191 and promotes the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma. Neoplasia. 2011. Vol. 13. P. 841–853. doi:10.1593/neo.11698.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">He Y., Cui Y., Wang W., Gu J., Guo S., Ma K. et al. Hypomethylation of the hsa-miR-191 locus causes high expression of hsamir-191 and promotes the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma. Neoplasia. 2011. Vol. 13. P. 841–853. doi:10.1593/neo.11698.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Toyota M., Suzuki H., Sasaki Y., Maruyama R., Imai K., Shinomura Y., Tokino T. Epigenetic silencing of microRNA-34b/c and B-cell translocation gene 4 is associated with CpG island methylation in colorectal cancer. Cancer Res. 2008. Vol. 68. P. 4123–4132. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-0325.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Toyota M., Suzuki H., Sasaki Y., Maruyama R., Imai K., Shinomura Y., Tokino T. Epigenetic silencing of microRNA-34b/c and B-cell translocation gene 4 is associated with CpG island methylation in colorectal cancer. Cancer Res. 2008. Vol. 68. P. 4123–4132. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-0325.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kalimutho M., Di Cecilia S., Del Vecchio Blanco G., Roviello F., Sileri F., Cretella M. et al. Epigenetically silenced miR-34b/c as a novel faecal-based screening marker for colorectal cancer. Br. J. Cancer. 2011. Vol. 104. P. 1770–1778. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2011.82.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kalimutho M., Di Cecilia S., Del Vecchio Blanco G., Roviello F., Sileri F., Cretella M. et al. Epigenetically silenced miR-34b/c as a novel faecal-based screening marker for colorectal cancer. Br. J. Cancer. 2011. Vol. 104. P. 1770–1778. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2011.82.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
