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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tumors</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Malignant tumours</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Malignant tumours</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2224-5057</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-6813</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Rosoncoweb</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tumors-292</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>КОЛОКАНЦЕРОГЕНЕЗ: ОНКОИММУНОЛОГИЯ ЛОКАЛЬНЫХ ИЗМЕНЕНИЙ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никипелова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikipelova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><email xlink:type="simple">rnioi@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кит</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kit</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><email xlink:type="simple">rnioi@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шапошников</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaposhnikov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><email xlink:type="simple">alexshap@donpac.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Златник</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zlatnik</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><email xlink:type="simple">elena-zlatnik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новикова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><email xlink:type="simple">novikovainna@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Ростовский научно-исследовательский  онкологический институт</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>11</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4s1</issue><fpage>81</fpage><lpage>86</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Никипелова Е.А., Кит О.И., Шапошников А.В., Златник Е.Ю., Новикова И.А., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Никипелова Е.А., Кит О.И., Шапошников А.В., Златник Е.Ю., Новикова И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nikipelova E.A., Kit O.I., Shaposhnikov A.V., Zlatnik E.V., Novikova I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.malignanttumors.org/jour/article/view/292">https://www.malignanttumors.org/jour/article/view/292</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью исследования явилось изучение локального иммунитета при раке толстой кишки, аденоматозных полипах и поверхностных хронических колитах для оценки роли иммунокомпетентных клеток и цитокинов в канцерогенезе толстой кишки. Выявлено, что аденокарцинома толстой кишки формируется  в условиях локального угнетения эффекторных  звеньев специфического иммунитета (цитотоксических CD3+CD8+ и Т-лимфоцитов с рецепторами   ) на фоне стимуляции клеток врожденной (NK) и адаптивной  иммунной системы  (CD3+, Т-хелперно-индукторных – CD3+CD4 и Т-лимфоцитов с рецепторами αβ). Развитие тубулярной аденомы толстой кишки происходит на фоне местного нарушения NK и В-клеточных звеньев иммунной системы, и так же, как при раке – стимуляции субпопуляций Т-хелперно-индукторных (CD3+CD4+) и Т-лимфоцитов с рецепторами    . При поверхностных хронических колитах слизистая оболочка толстой кишки характеризуется высоким уровнем клеток эффекторного  звена иммунитета: натуральных киллеров (NK); цитотоксических (CD3+CD8+) и Т-лимфоцитов с рецепторами  ; а также цитокинов IL-2, IL-10, IL-8, с параллельным угнетением В-клеточного звена и низкой продукцией провоспалительных цитокинов (TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-6, IL-1RA). Исследуемые иммунокомпетентные клетки, находящиеся в микроокружении аденокарциномы, не осуществляют барьерную противоопухолевую защиту вследствие угнетения цитотоксических звеньев адаптивной (CD3+CD8+, TCR    ) иммунной системы, а В-лимфоциты являются сдерживающим фактором прогрессии опухоли. Микроокружение тубулярной аденомы осуществляется преимущественно посредством клеток врожденного иммунитета – натуральных киллеров (NK).</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>канцерогенез толстой кишки</kwd><kwd>аденоматозные полипы</kwd><kwd>поверхностный хронический колит</kwd><kwd>локальный иммунитет</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Давыдов, М. И. Онкология: учебник / М. И. Давыдов, Ш. Х. Ганцев.- М.: Геотар-Медиа, 2010.- 920 с. 2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Давыдов, М. И. Онкология: учебник / М. И. Давыдов, Ш. Х. 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