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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tumors</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Malignant tumours</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Malignant tumours</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2224-5057</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-6813</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Rosoncoweb</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18027/2224-5057-2026-071</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tumors-1627</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Структура герминальных патогенных вариантов, выявленных по результатам полногеномного секвенирования, у пациентов с диагностированными злокачественными новообразованиями в Ямало-Ненецком автономном округе</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Structure of germline pathogenic variants associated with hereditary cancer syndromes in patients with malignant neoplasms from the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug based on whole-genome sequencing results</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9006-4317</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чернова</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernova</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александра Петровна Чернова</p><p>629001, Ямало-Ненецкий автономный округ, Салехард</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandra Petrovna Chernova</p><p>39, Mira St., 629001 Salekhard, Yamalo‑Nenets Autonomous  Okrug</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1581-9118</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макарова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мария Владимировна Макарова</p><p>115191, Москва 4-й Рощинский проезд, 20, стр. 5</p><p> 117997, Москва, ул. Профсоюзная, 86</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria Vladimirovna Makarova</p><p>20, Bld. 5, 4th Roshchinsky Passage, 115191 Moscow</p><p>86, Profsoyuznaya St., 117997 Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">makarova@evogenlab.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6556-163X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беленикин</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belenikin</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максим Сергеевич Беленикин</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Профсоюзная, 86</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maxim Sergeevich Belenikin</p><p>20, Bld. 5, 4th Roshchinsky Passage, 115191 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0653-3655</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Криницына</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krinitsyna</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия Александровна Криницына</p><p>115191, Москва 4-й Рощинский проезд, 20, стр. 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia Aleksandrovna Krinitsyna</p><p>20, Bld. 5, 4th Roshchinsky Passage, 115191 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2534-8463</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сагайдак</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sagaidak</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Олеся Владимировна Сагайдак</p><p>115191, Москва 4-й Рощинский проезд, 20, стр. 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olesya Vladimirovna Sagaidak</p><p>20, Bld. 5, 4th Roshchinsky Passage, 115191 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куликова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulikova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>629806, Ямало-Ненецкий автономный округ, Ноябрьск, ул. Муравленко, 42-б</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>42B, Muravlenko St., 629806 Noyabrsk, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6715-706X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капланова</surname><given-names>М. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaplanova</surname><given-names>M. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мадина Тамерлановна Капланова</p><p>115191, Москва 4-й Рощинский проезд, 20, стр. 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Madina Tamerlanovna Kaplanova</p><p>20, Bld. 5, 4th Roshchinsky Passage, 115191 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4845-4701</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мишина</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mishina</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Олеся Сергеевна Мишина</p><p>115191, Москва 4-й Рощинский проезд, 20, стр. 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olesya Sergeevna Mishina</p><p>20, Bld. 5, 4th Roshchinsky Passage, 115191 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2835-5992</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Немцова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nemtsova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марина Вячеславовна Немцова</p><p>115191, Москва 4-й Рощинский проезд, 20, стр. 5</p><p>115522, Москва, ул. Москворечье, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina Vyacheslavovna Nemtsova</p><p>20, Bld. 5, 4th Roshchinsky Passage, 115191 Moscow</p><p>1, Moskvorcheye St., 115522 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Салехардская окружная клиническая больница»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Salekhard District Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «Эвоген»; ФГБУ «Российский научный центр рентгенорадиологии» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Limited Liability Company “Evogen”; Russian Research Center of Roentgenology and Radiology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «Эвоген»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Limited Liability Company “Evogen”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ ЯНАО «Ноябрьская центральная городская больница»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Noyabrsk Central City Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «Эвоген»; ФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр имени академика Н. П. Бочкова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Limited Liability Company “Evogen”; Research Centre for Medical Genetics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>33</fpage><lpage>48</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чернова А.П., Макарова М.В., Беленикин М.С., Криницына А.А., Сагайдак О.В., Куликова Е.Н., Капланова М.Т., Мишина О.С., Немцова М.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чернова А.П., Макарова М.В., Беленикин М.С., Криницына А.А., Сагайдак О.В., Куликова Е.Н., Капланова М.Т., Мишина О.С., Немцова М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chernova A.P., Makarova M.V., Belenikin M.S., Krinitsyna A.A., Sagaidak O.V., Kulikova E.N., Kaplanova M.T., Mishina O.S., Nemtsova M.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.malignanttumors.org/jour/article/view/1627">https://www.malignanttumors.org/jour/article/view/1627</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение: Наследственные опухолевые синдромы (НОС) представляют собой группу генетически обусловлен ных заболеваний, при которых значительно возрастает риск развития различных видов опухолей по сравнению с общепопуляционным. Выявление герминальных патогенных вариантов, связанных с повышенным риском развития злокачественных новообразований (ЗНО), имеет важное значение для их профилактики, своевременной диагно стики и лечения. Научные исследования, проведенные на российских выборках пациентов с диагностированными ЗНО, позволят определять генетические маркеры НОС, специфичные для различных этнических групп и выборок пациентов.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: анализ результатов полногеномного исследования 500 пациентов с ЗНО из Ямало‑Ненецкого автономного округа (ЯНАО) для выявления герминальных вариантов, связанных с развитием НОС у онкологических пациентов, с описанием структуры и частоты полученных генетических вариантов.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы: с 2021 г. в ЯНАО реализуются исследовательские проекты по определению генетических вариантов, ассоциированных с НОС, с применением технологии полногеномного секвенирования. В данное исследование включены 500 пациентов с ЗНО, при соответствии минимум одному из критериев: 1) ранний возраст манифестации ЗНО; 2) наличие ЗНО самостоятельных (первичных) множественных локализаций; 3) наличие определенных гисто логических и иммуногистохимических особенностей ЗНО; 4) отягощенный онкологический семейный анамнез. Для пациентов проводили полногеномное секвенирование ДНК, выделенной из лимфоцитов периферической крови. Выявленные варианты валидированы методом секвенирования по Сэнгеру.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: в результате проведенного полногеномного тестирования у 83 из 500 пациентов с ЗНО выявлены пато генные варианты (ПВ) в генах, связанных с канцерогенезом, что составляет 16,6 %. В статье представлена структура выявленных ПВ в группах пациентов с опухолями молочной железы и яичников, у пациентов с колоректальным раком и ЗНО эндометрия, а также в гетерогенной группе пациентов с опухолями различного типа.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение: впервые представлены результаты полногеномных исследований, проведенных в ЯНАО, проанализирована структура генетических вариантов у онкологических пациентов. Исследования генетических особенностей выборки пациентов ЯНАО позволяют не только выявить пациентов с повышенным риском развития рака, предо ставить им профилактические меры и эффективное лечение, но и получить уникальную научную информацию, необходимую для разработки и адаптации молекулярно‑генетических тестов с учетом особенностей выборки и международного опыта.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction: Hereditary cancer syndromes (HCS) represent a group of genetically determined diseases where the risk of developing various types of tumors is significantly higher compared to the general population. Iden tifying germline pathogenic variants (PVs) associated with an increased risk of tumor formation is crucial for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of patients. Scientific studies conducted on Russian patients with malignant neoplasms (MNs) will help to identify genetic markers of HCS that are specific to different ethnic groups and patient samples.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: To analyze the results of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of 500 patients with MNs from the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (YNAO) and to identify germline variants associated with the development of HCS in oncology patients, along with a description of the structure and frequency of the genetic variants obtained.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods: Since 2021, unique scientific projects aimed at identifying genetic variants associated with HCS have been implemented in YNAO using WGS. This study included 500 patients with MNs meeting at least one of the following criteria: 1) early age at onset of MN; 2) multiple primary MNs; 3) certain histological and immunohisto chemical characteristics of MNs; 4) a significant family cancer history. Whole-genome sequencing of DNA isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes was performed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: WGS results demonstrated that 83 out of 500 patients with MNs were found to have PVs in genes associ ated with carcinogenesis, accounting for 16.6 %. This article presents the structure of the identified PVs in groups of patients with breast and ovarian cancers, patients with colorectal cancer and endometrial cancer, as well as in a heterogeneous group of patients with various tumor types.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: We have published the WGS results from YNAO for the first time and analyzed the structure of the obtained genetic variants in oncology patients. Research on the genetic characteristics of the patients from YNAO not only helps to identify patients at increased risk of developing cancer, providing them with preventive measures and effective treatment but also generates unique scientific information necessary for the development and adap tation of molecular genetic tests considering the sample’s peculiarities and international experience.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>наследственные опухолевые синдромы (НОС)</kwd><kwd>злокачественные новообразования (ЗНО)</kwd><kwd>полно геномное секвенирование</kwd><kwd>патогенные варианты (ПВ)</kwd><kwd>российская популяция</kwd><kwd>Ямало‑Ненецкий автономный округ (ЯНАО)</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hereditary cancer syndromes</kwd><kwd>malignant neoplasms</kwd><kwd>whole-genome sequencing</kwd><kwd>pathogenic variants</kwd><kwd>Russian population</kwd><kwd>Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено в рамках научно-исследовательской работы: «Развитие персонализированного подхода и компетенций при выявлении наследственных онкологических заболеваний в Ямало-Ненецком автономном округе» при поддержке некоммерческого партнерства «Российский Центр освоения Арктики» и департамента здравоохранения Ямало-Ненецкого автономного округа.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was conducted as part of the research project: “Development of a personalized  approach and competencies in identifying  hereditary oncological diseases in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug” with the support of the non profit partnership “Russian Arctic Development  Center” and the Department of Health of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ramos E. 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