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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tumors</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Malignant tumours</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Malignant tumours</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2224-5057</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-6813</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Rosoncoweb</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18027/2224-5057-2024-032</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tumors-1416</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Авелумаб в комбинации с акситинибом и ниволумаб в комбинации с ипилимумабом в первой линии терапии метастатического почечно-клеточного рака: ретроспективное когортное исследование реальной практики</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Avelumab in combination with axitinib and nivolumab in combination with ipilimumab in the first-line treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a realworld retrospective cohort study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7357-0392</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимофеев</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsimafeyeu</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тимофеев Илья Валерьевич</p><p>109147 Москва, пер. Маяковского, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tsimafeyeu Ilya Valerevich </p><p>2 Mayakovskogo Pereulok, Moscow 109147</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tsimafeyeu@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2331-506X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бакланова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baklanova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бакланова Ольга Валерьевна </p><p>664035 Иркутск, ул. Фрунзе, 32</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Baklanova Olga Valerevna </p><p>32 Frunze St., Irkutsk 664035</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6644-6687</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чубенко</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chubenko</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чубенко Вячеслав Андреевич </p><p>197758 Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, Ленинградская ул., 68А, лит. А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chubenko Vyacheslav Andreevich</p><p>lit. A, 68A Leningradskaya St., Pesochnyy, Saint Petersburg 197758</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2209-3020</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калпинский</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalpinskiy</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Калпинский Алексей Сергеевич </p><p>125284 Москва, 2-й Боткинский пр-д, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kalpinskii Aleksei Sergeevich</p><p>3 2nd Botkinskiy proezd, Moscow 125284</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5309-8406</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафина</surname><given-names>С. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Safina</surname><given-names>S. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сафина Суфия Зыевна</p><p>420029 Казань, Сибирский тракт ул., 29</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Safina Sufiya Zyevna </p><p>29 Sibirskiy Trakt, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan 420029</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0240-6656</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебединец</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedinets</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лебединец Андрей Александрович </p><p>194291 Санкт-Петербург, Выборгский район, пр. Луначарского, 45/2, лит. А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lebedinets Andrei Aleksandrovich</p><p>Lit. A, Build. 1, 45 Prospekt Lunacharskogo, Saint Petersburg 194291</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0342-4007</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петкау</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petkau</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петкау Владислав Владимирович</p><p>620028 Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petkau Vladislav Vladimirovich</p><p>3 Repina St., Ekaterinburg 620028</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0389-564X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ольшанская</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Olshanskaya</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольшанская Анна Сергеевна</p><p>117152 Москва, Загородное шоссе, 18А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olshanskaya Anna Sergeevna</p><p>18A Zagorodnoe Shosse, Moscow 117152</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6821-1432</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мыслевцев</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Myslevtsev</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мыслевцев Игорь Валерьевич</p><p>119071 Москва, Ленинский проспект, 27</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Myslevtsev Igor Valerevich</p><p>27 Leninskii Prospekt, Moscow 119071</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-9"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1576-5930</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зуков</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zukov</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зуков Руслан Александрович</p><p>660022 Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zukov Ruslan Aleksandrovich</p><p>1 Partizana Zheleznyaka St., Krasnoyarsk 660022</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-10"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>АНО "Бюро по изучению рака"</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bureau for Cancer Research</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Областной онкологический диспансер»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk Regional Cancer Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ  «Санкт-Петербургский  клинический  научно-практический  центр специализированных видов медицинской помощи (онкологический) им. Н. П. Напалкова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.P. Napalkov Saint Petersburg Clinical Scientific and Practical Center for Specialized Types of Medical Care (Oncological)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт им. П. А. Герцена — филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>P. A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute — branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГАУЗ «Республиканский клинический онкологический диспансер Минздрава Республики Татарстан им. проф. М.З. Сигала»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Prof. M.Z. Sigal Republican Clinical Oncological Dispensary, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Ленинградская областная клиническая больница»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-7"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО "Уральский государственный медицинский университет" Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-8"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Онкологический центр No 1 «Городской клинической больницы имени С. С. Юдина Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Oncology Center No. 1 of the City Clinical Hospital named after S. S. Yudin of the Moscow Department of Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-9"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>«АНО ЦКБ Святителя Алексия»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Alexei Central Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-10"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Красноярский государственный медицинский университет им. проф. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>9</fpage><lpage>17</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тимофеев И.В., Бакланова О.В., Чубенко В.А., Калпинский А.С., Сафина С.З., Лебединец А.А., Петкау В.В., Ольшанская А.С., Мыслевцев И.В., Зуков Р.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тимофеев И.В., Бакланова О.В., Чубенко В.А., Калпинский А.С., Сафина С.З., Лебединец А.А., Петкау В.В., Ольшанская А.С., Мыслевцев И.В., Зуков Р.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tsimafeyeu I.V., Baklanova O.V., Chubenko V.A., Kalpinskiy A.S., Safina S.Z., Lebedinets A.A., Petkau V.V., Olshanskaya A.S., Myslevtsev I.V., Zukov R.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.malignanttumors.org/jour/article/view/1416">https://www.malignanttumors.org/jour/article/view/1416</self-uri><abstract><p>Предварительные данные исследования были представлены в качестве постерного доклада на Международном симпозиуме по раку почки (IKCS 2024) в Луисвилле (США) 08 ноября 2024 г.</p><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение: Комбинации на основе ингибиторов контрольных точек, такие как ниволумаб-ипилимумаб (Ниво-Ипи) и авелумаб-акситиниб (Аве-Акси), являются стандартом терапии первой линии метастатического светлоклеточного почечно-клеточного рака (мПКР). Сведения о сравнительной эффективности и безопасности этих режимов в реальной практике ограничены.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы: В ретроспективное когортное исследование были включены 102 пациента с мПКР и промежуточным / неблагоприятным прогнозом, получивших терапию Ниво-Ипи (n = 51) или Аве-Акси (n = 51) с 2018 по 2023 годы. Когорты были сопоставлены по исходным характеристикам, включая риск по IMDC и сопутствующие заболевания. Первичными конечными точками были частота нежелательных явлений, связанных с лечением (НЯ), а также медиана выживаемости без прогрессирования (ВБП). Вторичные конечные точки включали частоту объективных ответов (ЧОО) и медиану общей выживаемости (ОВ).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: Основные характеристики были сбалансированы между когортами. Медиана возраста в общей популяции составила 63,4 года, 76% включенных пациентов были мужчинами, в 61% случаев описывались хронические заболевания сердечно-сосудистой системы. Частота всех НЯ была похожей в когортах Ниво-Ипи и Аве-Акси (62,7% и 68,6% соответственно), также как НЯ ≥ 3 степени (11,7% и 17,6%). При медиане времени наблюдения 22,6 месяца в когорте Аве-Акси медиана ВБП была достоверно лучше по сравнению с двойной иммунотерапией (15,0 и 9,7 месяцев; P &lt; 0,001); ЧОО в абсолютных цифрах была в пользу иммунотаргетной терапии (37,5% и 29,4%; P &gt; 0,05). Медиана ОВ не достигнута ни в одной из когорт.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы: Комбинации Ниво-Ипи и Аве-Акси являются эффективными и хорошо переносимыми в реальной практике у пациентов с мПКР и промежуточным/неблагоприятным прогнозом. Терапия Аве-Акси была ассоциирована со значимым увеличением ВБП и абсолютной ЧОО по сравнению с Ниво-Ипи.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background: Immunotherapy-based regimens, such as nivolumab plus ipilimumab (Nivo-Ipi) and avelumab plus axitinib (Ave-Axi), are standard first-line treatments for metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) with intermediate or poor IMDC risk. Comparative real-world evidence for these regimens remains limited.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 102 patients with mRCC treated with Nivo-Ipi (n = 51) or AveAxi (n = 51) from 2018 to 2023. Propensity score matching was used to balance baseline characteristics, including IMDC risk and comorbidities. Primary endpoints were the rate of treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) and progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR) and overall survival (OS).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: Patient characteristics were balanced across cohorts, with a median age of 63.4 years, 76 % male, and 61 % having chronic cardiovascular diseases. The rate of any grade TRAEs was similar between Nivo-Ipi and Ave-Axi (62.7 % vs. 68.6 %, respectively), as was the rate of grade ≥ 3 TRAEs (11.7 % vs. 17.6 %). Patients treated with Ave-Axi had a significantly extended PFS (15.0 vs 9.7 months; p  0,05). The median OS was not reached.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions: Nivo-Ipi and Ave-Axi are effective and well-tolerated first-line therapies for mRCC in real-world settings. Ave-Axi was associated with a significantly longer PFS and a numerically higher ORR compared to Nivo-Ipi.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>авелумаб и акситиниб</kwd><kwd>ниволумаб и ипилимумаб</kwd><kwd>сравнение комбинаций</kwd><kwd>метастатический почечно-клеточный рак</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>avelumab and axitinib</kwd><kwd>nivolumab and ipilimumab</kwd><kwd>comparison</kwd><kwd>metastatic renal cell carcinoma</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена без спонсорской поддержки.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was prepared without sponsorship/</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Злокачественные новообразования в России в 2022 году (заболеваемость и смертность). Под ред. А.Д. Каприна, В.В. Старинского, О.В. 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