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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tumors</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Malignant tumours</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Malignant tumours</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2224-5057</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-6813</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Rosoncoweb</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18027/2224-5057-2024-013</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tumors-1327</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Промежуточные результаты применения неоадъювантной иммунотерапии препаратом пролголимаб у пациентов с местнораспространенным MSI / dMMR колоректальным раком</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Interim results of neoadjuvant immunotherapy with prolgolimab in patients with locally advanced MSI / dMMR colorectal cancer</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6008-8492</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Загидуллина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zagidullina</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Альбина Азатовна Загидуллина</p><p>115478; Каширское шоссе, 23; 117997; ул. Островитянова, 1; Москва  </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Albina Azatovna Zagidullina</p><p>115478; 23 Kashirskoe Shosse; 117997; 1 Ostrovityanova St.; Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zagidullina1albina2@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7753-3081</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Олеся Алексеевна Кузнецова</p><p>115478; Каширское шоссе, 23; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olesya Alekseevna Kuznetsova</p><p>115478; 23 Kashirskoe Shosse; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5615-7806</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федянин</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedyanin</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Юрьевич Федянин</p><p>115478; Каширское шоссе, 23; 105203; ул. Нижняя Первомайская, 70; Москва; 108814; ул. Сосенский стан; Москва;, п. Коммунарка 8 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail Yurevich Fedyanin</p><p>115478; 23 Kashirskoe Shosse; 105203; 70, Nizhnyaya Pervomaiskaya St.; 8 Sosenskiy Stan St.; Moscow </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9289-1247</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мамедли</surname><given-names>З. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mamedli</surname><given-names>Z. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Заман Заурович Мамедли</p><p>115478; Каширское шоссе, 23; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zaman Zaurovich Mamedli</p><p>115478; 23 Kashirskoe Shosse; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9611-6459</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алиев</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aliev</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вячеслав Афандиевич Алиев</p><p>115478; Каширское шоссе, 23; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vyacheslav Afandievich Aliev</p><p>115478; 23 Kashirskoe Shosse; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1148-8051</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полыновский</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polynovskiy</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Владимирович Полыновский</p><p>115478; Каширское шоссе, 23; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrei Vladimirovich Polynovskii</p><p>115478; 23 Kashirskoe Shosse; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0829-7809</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малихова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malikhova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Александровна Малихова</p><p>115478; Каширское шоссе, 23; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga Aleksandrovna Malikhova</p><p>115478; 23 Kashirskoe Shosse; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7025-970X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карасев</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karasev</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иван Александрович Карасёв</p><p>115478; Каширское шоссе, 23; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan Aleksandrovich Karasev</p><p>115478; 23 Kashirskoe Shosse; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7297-5240</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Строганова</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stroganova</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Михайловна Строганова</p><p>115478; Каширское шоссе, 23; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna Mikhailovna Stroganova</p><p>115478; 23 Kashirskoe Shosse; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-214X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трякин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tryakin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Александрович Трякин</p><p>115478; Каширское шоссе, 23; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksei Aleksandrovich Tryakin</p><p>115478; 23 Kashirskoe Shosse; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России;  ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н. И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia; N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России; ФГБУ «Национальный медико-хирургический центр им. Н. И. Пирогова» Минздрава России; ГБУЗ «Московский многопрофильный клинический центр «Коммунарка» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia; National Medical and Surgical Center named after N. I. Pirogov; Moscow Multidisciplinary Clinical Center “Kommunarka», Moscow Healthcare Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>19</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Загидуллина А.А., Кузнецова О.А., Федянин М.Ю., Мамедли З.З., Алиев В.А., Полыновский А.В., Малихова О.А., Карасев И.А., Строганова А.М., Трякин А.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Загидуллина А.А., Кузнецова О.А., Федянин М.Ю., Мамедли З.З., Алиев В.А., Полыновский А.В., Малихова О.А., Карасев И.А., Строганова А.М., Трякин А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zagidullina A.A., Kuznetsova O.A., Fedyanin M.Y., Mamedli Z.Z., Aliev V.A., Polynovskiy A.V., Malikhova O.A., Karasev I.A., Stroganova A.M., Tryakin A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.malignanttumors.org/jour/article/view/1327">https://www.malignanttumors.org/jour/article/view/1327</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>   Введение</title><p>   Введение: Колоректальный рак занимает одну из лидирующих позиций в структуре онкологической заболеваемости в России [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit1">1</xref>]. Стандартным подходом для лечения пациентов с местнораспространенным раком толстой кишки (мрРТК) является проведение хирургического вмешательства с последующей адъювантной химиотерапией в зависимости от патоморфологической стадии. Наличие нарушения репарации ошибочно спаренных оснований (dMMR) / микросателлитной нестабильности (MSI) у пациентов с колоректальным раком (КРР) определяет высокую чувствительность опухоли к ингибиторам иммунных контрольных точек (ИКТ), однако они пока полноценно не интегрированы в программы комбинированного лечения мрРТК. В данном исследовании мы изучили эффективность отечественного ИКТ пролголимаба в качестве неоадъювантной терапии у пациентов с мрРТК.</p></sec><sec><title>   Материалы и методы</title><p>   Материалы и методы: Работа представляет собой нерандомизированное открытое клиническое исследование II фазы. Критерии включения пациентов: гистологически верифицированный MSI / dMMR КРР I–III клинической стадии. Планируемое количество пациентов составило 30 человек. Пациенты получали неоадъювантную терапию пролголимабом 1 мг / кг каждые две недели в течение 6 месяцев с последующим решением вопроса о хирургическомвмешательстве. В случае отказа от хирургического лечения предполагалось продолжение системной терапии до 12 месяцев. Первичной конечной точкой был показатель полного патоморфологического и длительного клинического ответа (pCR + cCR). Вторичные конечные точки включали частоту объективных ответов (ЧОО), выраженный патологический ответ (MPR, TRG1–2), безрецидивную выживаемость (БРВ) и общую выживаемость (ОВ). В этом промежуточном анализе представлены данные о безопасности, частоте достижения pCR / MPR, ЧОО.</p></sec><sec><title>   Результаты</title><p>   Результаты: С сентября 2022 года по февраль 2024 года лечение препаратом пролголимаб начали 26 пациентов, из них 15 человек получили 12 курсов иммунотерапии. Иммуноопосредованные нежелательные явления III–IV степени были зафиксированы у 1 (3,8 %) пациента (аутоиммунный гепатит IV степени). У 4 (15,4 %) пациентов были зарегистрированы нежелательные явления I–II степени: аутоиммунный тиреоидит, диарея, гипотиреоз. К настоящему моменту 9 (34,6 %) пациентам проведено хирургическое лечение в течение 3 месяцев после окончания иммунотерапии (среднее время от окончания иммунотерапии до операции 1,8 мес.): у 7 пациентов (77,8 %) наблюдался полный патоморфологический ответ на лечение (pCR) и TRG 1, у 2 (22,2 %) — TRG 2, MPR (TRG1–2) достигнут у 9 пациентов (100 %). В отношении двух пациентов было принято решение отказаться от хирургического лечения в связи с полным клиническим ответом и травматичностью потенциального вмешательства. ЧОО составила 100 % (15 больных), частота достижения полных клинических ответов — 40 % (6 пациентов). Медиана наблюдения составила 5 месяцев. Исследование продолжается, результаты ОВ и БРВ будут опубликованы позднее.</p></sec><sec><title>   Выводы</title><p>   Выводы: Приведенные данные промежуточного анализа демонстрируют сопоставимую эффективность препарата пролголимаб в сравнении с другими анти-PD-L1 препаратами. Возникающие побочные эффекты также поддавались коррекции, и профиль токсичности является приемлемым для лечения пациентов с местнораспространенным dMMR / MSI КРР.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>   Introduction</title><p>   Introduction: Colorectal cancer is one of the leading malignancies in Russia [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit1">1</xref>]. The standard approach for selected patients (pts) with locally advanced colon cancer is surgery with adjuvant chemotherapy. Several studies have shown that colorectal cancer (CRC) with presence of a disorder in the mismatch repair (dMMR) / microsatellite instability (MSI) is characterized with high sensitivity to the immune checkpoint inhibitors. Several studies have shown that MSI / dMMR CRC patients tend to be more responsive to immune checkpoint inhibitors such as pembrolizumab, nivolumab or ipilimumab. However, there was no information about the efficacy of prolgolimab, a PD-1 receptor blocking antibody. Prolgolimab was highly effective in melanoma treatment, while the toxicity was comparable to pembrolizumab and nivolumab.</p></sec><sec><title>   Methods</title><p>   Methods: We initiated the phase II non-randomized open-label clinical trial. Inclusion criteria were: histologically verified, MSI / dMMR, clinical stage II–III CRC. According to study protocol, prolgolimab (1 mg / kg) is administered every two weeks, then surgery should be done after 6 months of immunotherapy (12 cycles). In case of surgical treatment refusal, the systemic treatment proceeds for 1 year. The co-primary endpoint was the complete response (pCR) rate. Secondary endpoints included tumor regression grade by Mandard (TRG), major pathologic response (MPR), overall response rate (ORR) disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Here is a presentation of safety and pathologic response data — rates of pCR / MPR, objective response rate.</p></sec><sec><title>   Results</title><p>   Results: A total of 26 patients began treatment with prolgolimab from April, 2022 to February, 2024. Immune-related adverse effects of grade III–IV, were recorded in 1 (3,8 %) patient (autoimmune hepatitis grade IV); 4 (15,4 %) patients had adverse effects grade I–II: autoimmune thyroiditis, diarrhea, hypothyroidism. Two patients were refused to make a surgical treatment because of clinical CR and possible volume of surgery. Nine (34,6 %) patients underwent surgical treatment within 3 months after the immunotherapy completion: 7 patients had TRG 1 and pCR, 2 — TRG 2 and MPR after the treatment. ORR was 100 %, complete clinical response rate 40 %. The study is still ongoing, DFS and OS will be announced in further publications. Median follow-up time was 5 months.</p></sec><sec><title>   Conclusion</title><p>   Conclusion: The first interim analysis data suggest a strong potential for neoadjuvant immunotherapy to become standard of care and allow further exploration of organ-sparing approaches in MMR / MSI CRC patients.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>колоректальный рак</kwd><kwd>иммунотерапия</kwd><kwd>пролголимаб</kwd><kwd>микросателлитная нестабильность</kwd><kwd>неоаъювантное лечение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>colorectal cancer</kwd><kwd>immunotherapy</kwd><kwd>prolgolimab</kwd><kwd>microsatellite instability</kwd><kwd>neoadjuvant treatment</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена без спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was prepared without sponsorship</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Злокачественные новообразования в России в 2021 году (заболеваемость и смертность). 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