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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tumors</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Malignant tumours</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Malignant tumours</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2224-5057</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-6813</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Rosoncoweb</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18027/2224-5057-2024-14-1-92-98</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tumors-1290</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ СЛУЧАИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL NOTES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинические случаи эффективного применения агностического подхода в терапии опухолей с мутацией BRAF V600E</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Case reports of BRAF V600E-mutated tumors effectively treated using the agnostic approach</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8178-1199</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прокудина</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prokudina</surname><given-names>N.  V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Прокудина Наталья Владимировна</p><p>236016, Калининград, ул. Клиническая, д. 74</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prokudina Natalya Vladimirovna</p><p>74 Klinicheskaya str., Kaliningrad 236016</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">peshaya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крамчанинов</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kramchaninov</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Крамчанинов Михаил Михайлович</p><p>197758, Санкт-Петербург, поселок Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, д. 68А, лит А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kramchaninov Mikhail Mikhailovich</p><p>lit. A, 68A Leningradskaya St., Pesochnyy, Saint Petersburg 197758</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Областная клиническая больница Калининградской области»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Regional Clinical Hospital of the Kaliningrad Region</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Санкт-Петербургский клинический научно-практический центр специализированных видов медицинской помощи (онкологический) имени Н.П. Напалкова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. P. Napalkov Saint Petersburg Clinical Scientific and Practical Center for Specialized Types of Medical Care (Oncological)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>92</fpage><lpage>98</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Прокудина Н.В., Крамчанинов М.М., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Прокудина Н.В., Крамчанинов М.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Prokudina N.V., Kramchaninov М.М.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.malignanttumors.org/jour/article/view/1290">https://www.malignanttumors.org/jour/article/view/1290</self-uri><abstract><p>Одним из новых направлений персонализированной онкологии стал агностический (tumor-agnostic) подход, подразумевающий выбор препарата в первую очередь на основе генетических аберраций и сигнальных путей, на которые он воздействует, независимо от локализации опухоли. Первым препаратом, разрешенным к применению при нерезектабельных опухолях любых локализаций с высокой микросателлитной нестабильностью (MSI-H), стал пембролизумаб. В 2022 году комбинация дабрафениба и траметиниба получила одобрение Управления по контролю качества пищевых продуктов и лекарственных средств США (FDA) для лечения пациентов с солидными опухолями с мутацией BRAF V600E. Мутации в гене braf встречаются в 60% случаев меланомы, 15% случаев колоректального рака и 5–8% — немелкоклеточного рака легкого. Кроме того, мутации в этом гене также встречаются при глиобластоме (3%), холангиокарциноме (5–7%), раке поджелудочной железы (1–16%) и гистиоцитозе клеток Лангерганса (57%). Представляем описание двух клинических случаев применения комбинации дабрафениба и траметиниба при BRAF-мутированном раке слюной железы и раке поджелудочной железы после прогрессирования на стандартной терапии, в основе которых лежит агностический подход к выбору тактики лечения. Представленные клинические случаи показывают, что следование агностическому подходу и применение BRAF/MEK ингибиторов в терапии BRAFпозитивных опухолей позволяет достичь стабилизации болезни даже у пациентов с обширным метастазированием, а также предоставляет дополнительную терапевтическую опцию для лечения редких опухолей с мутацией в гене braf, для которых существующие варианты лекарственной терапии сильно ограничены.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A tumor-agnostic approach to cancer treatment that implies the selection of agents targeting specific genetic aberrations and signaling pathways regardless of the tumor site of origin represents a new direction in personalized oncology. Pembrolizumab is the first therapy approved for unresectable microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) tumors of any location. In 2022, the combination of dabrafenib and trametinib was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of patients with solid tumors harboring BRAF V600E mutations. Melanomas, colorectal cancers, and non-small cell lung cancers are BRAF-mutated in 60 %, 15 %, and 5–8 % of cases, respectively. BRAF-mutated glioblastoma (3 %), cholangiocarcinoma (5–7 %), pancreatic cancer (1–16 %), and Langerhans cell histiocytosis (57 %) have also been reported.</p><p>We present two case reports of BRAF-mutated salivary gland and pancreatic cancers in patients with progressive disease despite standard-of-care therapy who were treated with a combination of dabrafenib and trametinib according to the agnostic approach.</p><p>The presented case reports have demonstrated that the agnostic approach and treatment with BRAF / MEK inhibitors stabilize the disease in patients with BRAF-positive cancers, including those with multiple metastases, and represent an additional therapeutic option for patients with rare BRAF-mutated cancers for which very few pharmacologic options are available.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>агностический подход</kwd><kwd>BRAF-позитивные опухоли</kwd><kwd>таргетная терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>agnostic approach</kwd><kwd>BRAF-positive tumors</kwd><kwd>targeted therapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">El-Deiry W.S., Goldberg, R.M., Lenz H.-J., et al. 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