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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tumors</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Malignant tumours</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Malignant tumours</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2224-5057</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-6813</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Rosoncoweb</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18027/2224-5057-2023-13-3-56-63</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tumors-1169</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И АНАЛИТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS AND ANALYSIS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Выбор лечения химиорефрактерного рака толстой кишки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The choice of treatment for chemorefractory colon cancer</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чепорова</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cheporova</surname><given-names>M.  S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мария С. Чепорова, студент 4 курса лечебного факультета</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria S. Cheporova, 4th year student, Faculty of Medicine</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">masha.cheporova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чепоров</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cheporov</surname><given-names>S.  V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей В. Чепоров, к. м. н., заведующий отделением противоопухолевой лекарственной терапии</p><p>Ярославль</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Cheporov, MD, PhD, Head of the Department of Anticancer Drug Therapy</p><p>Yaroslavl</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sergey.cheporov@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трякин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tryakin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей А. Трякин, д. м. н., заместитель директора по научной работе, заведующий онкологическим отделением лекарственных методов лечения (химиотерапевтическое) №2</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey A. Tryakin, MD, PhD, DSc, Deputy Director for Research, Head of Medical Oncology (Chemotherapy) Department No. 2</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">atryakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет имени А.И. Евдокимова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A. I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ ЯО «Областная клиническая онкологическая больница»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Regional Clinical Oncological Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>56</fpage><lpage>63</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чепорова М.С., Чепоров С.В., Трякин А.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чепорова М.С., Чепоров С.В., Трякин А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Cheporova M.S., Cheporov S.V., Tryakin A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.malignanttumors.org/jour/article/view/1169">https://www.malignanttumors.org/jour/article/view/1169</self-uri><abstract><p>Метастатический колоректальный рак (мКРР) представляет большую проблему в лечении злокачественных новообразований. Однако с развитием цитотоксической химиотерапии, таргетной терапии и локальных методов лечения, показатели выживаемости значительно улучшились. Лечение пациентов с КРР в третьей и последующих линиях терапии предлагает использование регорафениба/TAS-102, а также возврат к ранее использованной химиотерапии. Лечение на поздних линиях анти-EGFR антителами (цетуксимаб, панитумумаб) является предметом выбора при мКРР, так как демонстрирует повышение показателей выживаемости. При BRAF мутации комбинации, включающие ингибитор BRAF и анти-EGFR антитело, продемонстрировали свою эффективность во второй и последующих линиях. Особенностью амплификации HER2/neu является требование двойной блокады препаратами трастузумаб + лапатиниб или пертузумаб + трастузумаб (за исключением трастузумаба-дерукстекана). Для MSI-high высокоэффективна анти-PD терапия (ниволумаб, пембролизумаб или комбинированная терапия ниволумаб + ипилимумаб). Препараты адаграсиб и соторасиб продемонстрировали свою значимость при лечении КРР с мутацией KRAS G12C. Для NTRK-положительного колоректального рака одобрены два ингибитора — ларотректиниб и энтректиниб. Также стоит отметить, что одним из локальных вариантов лечения мКРР является стереотаксическая лучевая терапия. В данной статье представлены современные возможности терапии химиорезистентного КРР.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is a major challenge in the treatment of malignant neoplasms. However, with the development of cytotoxic chemotherapy, targeted therapy and local therapies, survival rates have improved significantly. Treatment of patients with CRC in the third and subsequent lines of therapy suggests the use of regorafenib / TAS102, as well as a return to previously used chemotherapy. Late-line treatment with anti-EGFR antibodies (cetuximab, panitumumab) is the choice for mCRC as it has been shown to improve survival rates. BRAF inhibitor and an anti-EGFR antibody is effective in BRAF mutations. A feature of the HER2 / neu mutation is the requirement for dual blockade with trastuzumab + lapatinib or pertuzumab + trastuzumab. For MSI-high, anti-PD therapy (nivolumab, pembrolizumab, or nivolumab + ipilimumab combination therapy) is highly effective. Adagrasib and sotorasib have demonstrated their value in the treatment of CRC with the KRAS G12C mutation. Two inhibitors are approved for NTRK-positive colorectal cancer — larotrectinib and entrectinib. It is also worth noting that one of the local options for the treatment of mCRC is stereotactic radiation therapy. This article presents the current possibilities of therapy for chemoresistant CRC.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>колоректальный рак</kwd><kwd>прогрессирование</kwd><kwd>молекулярно-обоснованная терапия</kwd><kwd>таргетная терапия</kwd><kwd>иммунотерапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Colorectal cancer</kwd><kwd>progression</kwd><kwd>molecular-based therapy</kwd><kwd>targeted therapy</kwd><kwd>immunotherapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Margaret Byrne and Muhammad WasifSaif. Selecting treatment options in re-fractory metastatic colorectal cancer. Onco Targets Ther. 2019 ; Mar 27.12 : 2271–2278. doi: 10.2147/OTT.S194605.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Margaret Byrne and Muhammad WasifSaif. Selecting treatment options in re-fractory metastatic colorectal cancer. 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