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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tumors</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Malignant tumours</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Malignant tumours</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2224-5057</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-6813</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Rosoncoweb</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18027/2224-5057-2023-13-2-6</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tumors-1128</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И АНАЛИТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS AND ANALYSIS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эволюция системной лекарственной терапии диссеминированного рака эндометрия. Обзор литературы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evolution of systemic therapy for disseminated endometrial cancer: literature review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Даренская</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Darenskaya</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Даренская Анна Д. – кандидат медицинских наук, младший научный сотрудник, врач-онколог отделения противоопухолевой лекарственной терапии № 4 отдела лекарственного лечения НИИ клинической онкологии имени академика РАН и РАМН Н.Н. Трапезникова ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna D. Darenskaya - MD, PhD, Junior Research Fellow, oncologist, Cancer Chemotherapy Department No. 4, Drug Treatment Division, N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">darenskaya@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Румянцев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rumyantsev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Румянцев Алексей А. - кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник, врач-онколог отделения противоопухолевой лекарственной терапии № 4 отдела лекарственного лечения НИИ клинической онкологии имени академика РАН и РАМН Н.Н. Трапезникова ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksei A. Rumyantsev - MD, PhD, Senior Research Fellow, Cancer Chemotherapy Department No. 4, Drug Treatment Division, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexeymma@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гуторов</surname><given-names>С. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gutorov</surname><given-names>S. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гуторов Сергей Л. - доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отделения противоопухолевой лекарственной терапии № 4 отдела лекарственного лечения НИИ клинической онкологии имени академика РАН и РАМН Н.Н. Трапезникова ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergei L. Gutorov - MD, PhD, DSc, Leading Research Fellow, Cancer Chemotherapy Department No. 4, Drug Treatment Division, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s1gutorov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тюляндина</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tyulyandina</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тюляндина Александра С. – доктор медицинских наук, заведующая отделением противоопухолевой лекарственной терапии № 4 отдела лекарственного лечения НИИ клинической онкологии имени академика РАН и РАМН Н.Н. Трапезникова ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России; профессор кафедры онкологии института клинической медицины имени Н.В. Склифосовского ПМГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет).</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandra S. Tyulandina - MD, PhD, DSc, Head of Cancer Chemotherapy Department No. 4, Drug Treatment Division, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Professor, Department of Oncology, N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute of Emergency Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University).</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">atjulandina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>80</fpage><lpage>98</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Даренская А.Д., Румянцев А.А., Гуторов С.Л., Тюляндина А.С., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Даренская А.Д., Румянцев А.А., Гуторов С.Л., Тюляндина А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Darenskaya A.D., Rumyantsev A.A., Gutorov S.L., Tyulyandina A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.malignanttumors.org/jour/article/view/1128">https://www.malignanttumors.org/jour/article/view/1128</self-uri><abstract><p>«Золотым стандартом» I линии лекарственной терапии диссеминированного рака эндометрия (РЭ) является комбинация «ТС» (Паклитаксел + Карбоплатин). Гормонотерапия (ГТ) в качестве терапии I линии рекомендована ограниченной группе пациенток. До недавнего времени прогноз больных диссеминированным РЭ, несмотря на проводимые стандартные методы лечения (химиотерапия (ХТ) и ГТ), оставался неутешительным. Ни один из цитостатиков, имеющихся в арсенале онкологов-химиотерапевтов, не обеспечивал долговременного контроля болезни и длительной выживаемости пациенток, получивших стандартную платиносодержащую терапию. Очевидно, что неудовлетворительные результаты лечения больных диссеминированным РЭ требовали изменения подходов к терапии и указывали на необходимость разработки более эффективных режимов лечения. Углубленное понимание механизмов канцерогенеза, появление новой молекулярной классификации РЭ и разделение лечебных подходов в зависимости от биологического потенциала опухоли привели к значительному прорыву в лечении диссеминированного РЭ. Одним из наиболее значительных прорывов следует считать открытие роли микро-сателлитной нестабильности (microsatellite instability, MSI) и нарушений в системе репарации неспаренных оснований ДНК (mismatch repair system, MMR) как предиктора высокой эффективности иммунотерапии — нового направления системной лекарственной терапии диссеминированного РЭ. Данная обзорная статья посвящена эволюции системной лекарственной терапии диссеминированного РЭ. В статье мы подробно обсуждаем результаты основных международных исследований по вопросам ГТ, ХТ I и II линий, таргетной терапии, иммунотерапии, а также иммунотаргетной терапии диссеминированного РЭ. Подробно рассматриваем такие биологические маркеры, как MSI, PD-L1, их влияние на эффективность лечения; разбираем механизм, лежащий в основе синергетического эффекта комбинации пембролизумаб + ленватиниб.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The TC combination regimen (paclitaxel + carboplatin) is the “gold standard” first-line therapy for disseminated endometrial cancer (EC). The use of hormone therapy (HT) in the first-line setting is limited. Until recently, patients with disseminated EC had unfavorable outcomes despite the standard-of-care treatment (chemotherapy (CHT) and HT). None of the available cytostatics could improve disease control and survival in patients who have received standard platinum-based therapy. Evidently, the poor treatment outcomes of disseminated EC suggested that therapeutic approaches should be changed, and more effective treatment regimens should be developed. The treatment of disseminated EC has been revolutionized with deeper understanding of carcinogenesis, a new molecular classification of EC, and stratification of treatment approaches according to the biological potential of the tumor. The most significant advances included understanding the role of microsatellite instability (MSI) and DNA mismatch repair (MMR) deficiencies as a predictor of high efficacy of immunotherapy, a novel class of systemic therapies for disseminated EC. This review article focuses on the evolution of systemic therapy for disseminated EC. Here we discuss in detail the results of key international trials of HT, first and second lines of chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and immunotherapeutic/ targeted agents for disseminated EC. Biological markers, such as MSI and PD-L1, their correlation with the response rate, and the mechanism of synergy between pembrolizumab and lenvatinib are discussed in detail.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак эндометрия</kwd><kwd>микросателлитная нестабильность</kwd><kwd>MSI</kwd><kwd>MSS</kwd><kwd>пембролизумаб</kwd><kwd>ленватиниб</kwd><kwd>иммунотерапия</kwd><kwd>химиотерапия</kwd><kwd>гормонотерапия</kwd><kwd>таргетная терапия</kwd><kwd>MMR</kwd><kwd>PD-1</kwd><kwd>PD-L1</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>endometrial cancer</kwd><kwd>microsatellite instability</kwd><kwd>MSI</kwd><kwd>MSS</kwd><kwd>pembrolizumab</kwd><kwd>lenvatinib</kwd><kwd>immunotherapy</kwd><kwd>chemotherapy</kwd><kwd>hormone therapy</kwd><kwd>targeted therapy</kwd><kwd>MMR</kwd><kwd>PD-1</kwd><kwd>PD-L1</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Состояние онкологической помощи населению России в 2021 году. 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