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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tumors</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Malignant tumours</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Malignant tumours</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2224-5057</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-6813</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Rosoncoweb</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18027/2224-5057-2022-12-4-22-35</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tumors-1017</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИСКУССИОННЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ В ОНКОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DISCUSSION QUESTIONS IN ONCOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Трудности клинико-инструментальной и прижизненной патологоанатомической диагностики рака яичников</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Challenges in clinical, imaging, and intraoperative frozen-section diagnosis of ovarian cancer</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саевец</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saevets</surname><given-names>V.  V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валерия В. Саевец, к. м. н., врач-онколог, заведующая отделением; доцент кафедры онкологии, лучевой диагностики и лучевой терапии </p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeria V. Saevets, MD, PhD, oncologist, Head of Department; Associate Professor of the Department of Oncology, Radiation Therapy, and Radiographic Imaging </p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаманова</surname><given-names>А.. Ю</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shamanova</surname><given-names>A.  Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Ю. Шаманова, к. м. н., врач-патологоанатом; доцент кафедры патологической анатомии и судебной медицины им. проф. В. Л. Коваленко </p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna Yu. Shamanova, MD, PhD, pathologist; Associate Professor of the Professor V. L. Kovalenko Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anna-sha@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ульрих</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ulrikh</surname><given-names>E.  A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена А. Ульрих, д. м. н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник; ведущий научный сотрудник; профессор кафедры онкологии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Ulrikh, MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Chief Researcher; Professor, Department of Oncology</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elenaulrikh@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhin</surname><given-names>А.  А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Арсентий А. Мухин, врач-онколог</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Arsenty A. Mukhin, oncologist </p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pobokon@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Таратонов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Taratonov</surname><given-names>А.  V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей В. Таратонов, врач-онколог</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey V. Taratonov, oncologist </p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lex7402@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самодуров</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samodurov</surname><given-names>S.  I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стефан И. Самодуров, ординатор кафедры онкологии, лучевой диагностики и лучевой терапии</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stefan I. Samodurov, resident, Department of Oncology, Radiation Therapy, and Radiographic Imaging </p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mrstefan656@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГАУЗ «Челябинский областной клинический центр онкологии и ядерной медицины»; ФГБОУ ВО «Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Center of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine; South Ural State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ им. В.А. Алмазова», Минздрава России; ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова», Минздрава России; ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова», Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almazov National Medical Research Centre; N. N. Petrov Research Institute of Oncology; North-Western State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГАУЗ «Челябинский областной клинический центр онкологии и ядерной медицины»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Center of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>South Ural State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>22</fpage><lpage>35</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Саевец В.В., Шаманова А.Ю., Ульрих Е.А., Мухин А.А., Таратонов А.В., Самодуров С.И., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Саевец В.В., Шаманова А.Ю., Ульрих Е.А., Мухин А.А., Таратонов А.В., Самодуров С.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Saevets V.V., Shamanova A.Y., Ulrikh E.A., Mukhin А.А., Taratonov А.V., Samodurov S.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.malignanttumors.org/jour/article/view/1017">https://www.malignanttumors.org/jour/article/view/1017</self-uri><abstract><p>Рак яичников (РЯ) занимает 8 место среди злокачественных опухолей у женщин и относится к новообразованиям невизуальных локализаций с отсутствующим скринингом и поздней диагностикой, когда манифестирует клиническая симптоматика, что отражается на низких показателях безрецидивной и общей выживаемости. С увеличением стадии процесса сокращается пятилетняя выживаемость пациенток. По прогнозам Всемирной Организации Здравоохранения, к 2040 году заболеваемость РЯ возрастет на 47% с показателем примерно 434000 новых выявленных случаев и с ежегодным увеличением смертности от РЯ на 59% (до 293000 случаев). В своевременной клинико-инструментальной и прижизненной патологоанатомической диагностике РЯ имеется ряд сложностей. Жалобы пациенток при обращении указывают на диссеминированный характер процесса. Однако от момента обращения пациенток за медицинской помощью до гистологической верификации опухоли в большинстве случаев проходит длительный промежуток времени, что отражается на отсроченном начале специального лечения. Знание ограничений и сложностей диагностических методов и их минимизация в практической работе, а также комплексный междисциплинарный подход к их оценке имеет крайне актуальное значение. Цель: провести обзор трудностей клинико-инструментальной и прижизненной патологоанатомической диагностики рака яичников на основе анализа отечественных и зарубежных публикаций. Материалы и методы: Проведено изучение научных публикаций в базах данных PubMed, Cochrane library, elibrary за последние 15 лет, посвященных методам диагностики РЯ. В данной работе приведен обзор ограничений и трудностей клинико-инструментальной и прижизненной патологоанатомической диагностики РЯ на основе международных публикаций и собственного опыта работы онкологов-гинекологов и патологоанатомов Челябинского областного клинического центра онкологии и ядерной медицины.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Ovarian cancer (OC) ranks 8th among cancers in women. It is a non-visualizable, non-screenable cancer with late onset of symptoms and diagnosis, which translates into low recurrence-free and overall survival rates. The 5-year survival decreases as the OC stage increases. The World Health Organization has predicted a 47 % increase in the OC incidence by 2040 to approximately 434,000 newly diagnosed cases and an annual 59 % increase in OC mortality (up to 293,000 cases). There are several difficulties in the current clinical, imaging, and intraoperative frozen-section diagnosis of OC. Patients seek medical attention when the disease has reached the advanced stage. However, specific treatment often starts late due to a long time between the first patient-physician contact and the histological verification of the diagnosis. It is vital to know the limitations and complexities of diagnostic tools, overcome them in routine practice, and use an interdisciplinary approach to the evaluation of their findings. Goal: to review the difficulties in making clinical, imaging, and intraoperative frozen-section diagnosis of OC based on Russian and worldwide literature data.Materials and methods: articles focused on the diagnostic modalities for OC that had been published in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and eLIBRARY databases over the past 15 years were reviewed. The review outlines the limitations and difficulties in making clinical, imaging, and intraoperative frozen-section diagnosis of OC based on data from international publications and experience of gynecological oncologists and pathologists of the Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Center of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак яичников</kwd><kwd>серозная карцинома</kwd><kwd>метастазы</kwd><kwd>срочное интраоперационное патологоанатомическое исследование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ovarian cancer</kwd><kwd>serous carcinoma</kwd><kwd>metastases</kwd><kwd>rapid intraoperative frozen-section examination</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ferlay J, Laversanne M, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, et al. Global Cancer Observatory 2020 : Cancer Tomorrow. 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